The Battle Of Antietam By Robert E. Lee - 1046 Words

The Future of America, its citizens, and its enslaved people hinged on the outcome of the American Civil War. The Civil War was fought between the North (Union) and the south. The Battle of Antietam took place on September 17, 1862 near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and it was the bloodiest day in American history. Before the battle, the confederacy had a better chance of winning the war. Conflict arose between McClellan and Robert E. Lee which sparked the invasion of the north and the beginning of a long war. McPherson argued in his novel that the battle of Antietam was the turning point of the Civil War. In the beginning of the novel, McPherson informs the reader that it was not clear who would win the war. Both side had strengths and weaknesses that set the scene of the war. Before Antietam only the South thought the war was about slavery .The North simply was fighting to â€Å"preserve the Union†, not to abolish slavery. The war was described as, â€Å"A war to destroy slaver y and to reshape the South in the Northern free-soil image† (McPherson 14-15). Since the north did not have slavery, the south wanted to keep it. The south was close to being recognized by England and France, â€Å"The South’s principal foreign-policy goals were European intervention to break the blockade and diplomatic recognition of the Confederacy as a nation† (McPherson 35). Southerners believed in cotton to compile British and French Intervention. The textile industry was the leading sector in the British andShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Antietam By Robert E. Lee1412 Words   |  6 PagesThe Battle of Antietam was battled on September 17, 1862. Union armed force led by General George B. McClellan battled against the Confederate Army led by General Robert E. Lee. The fight was battled along the Antietam Creek close Sharpsburg, Maryland. The union armed force lost more than twelve thousand men, while the confederate armed force lost around ten thousand men. General Robert E. Lee barely got away thrashing this fight and the absence of men cause him and his armed force to withdrawRead MoreTaking a Look at Abraham Lincoln833 Words   |  3 PagesRegular Infantry. He was also a general in the Civil War. Even though Anderson’s illness put him in charge, Sherman’s apparently unreasonable requests for more men and supplies led to his removal. He redeemed himself with his courageous action at the Battle of Shiloh earning him the rank of major general. His act of bravery helped Lincoln win the war. â€Æ' Jefferson Davis Named after Thomas Jefferson, the President of the Confederate States of America, Davis was born February 19th, 1809, in Todd CountyRead MoreRobert E Lee: A True American Hero Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican History; Robert Edward Lee. Robert Edward Lee was a general in the American Civil War. He led his men and stood with them in each and every they were in and got many of them out safely. Robert E. Lee was born on January 19, 1807 at Stratford in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the youngest son of Major-General Henry â€Å"Light Horse Harry† Lee and his second wife, Ann Hill (Carter) Lee. His siblings from his father’s first wife are Philip Ludwell Lee, Lucy Grymes Lee, Henry Lee, and NathanielRead MoreThe Battle of Chancellorsville Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The battle of Chancellorsville was a battle that was fought for nine days from April 29 to May 6, 1863 as part of the Civil War. To be more precise, the battle of Chancellorsville took place in the vicinity of Fredericksburg where other two battles took place. The Confederate army was led by General Robert E. Lee, while the Union army was led by Major General Joseph Hooker. Impressively, General Hooker’s army was composed with as many as 130,000 soldiers. The Union army was veryRead MoreCivil War : A War Between Citizens Of The Same Country1609 Words   |  7 Pagespersistent to have slaves. They worried that the North would be successful in abolishing slavery, so in result, the South went against the North. There were many elements that the Civil War was know for, some of the main ones were causes, key figures, battles, and the outcome of the war. Before looking into things that happened during the Civil War, it is important to know the causes of the war, two causes are their different life style and sectionalism. The first problem was that the North and SouthRead MoreA Brief Note On Civil War And Its Effects On The United States1602 Words   |  7 Pagespersistent to have slaves. They worried that the North would be successful in abolishing slavery, so in result, the South went against the North. There were many elements that the Civil War was known for, some of the main ones were causes, key figures, battles, and the outcome of the war. Before looking into things that happened during the Civil War, it is important to know the causes of the war, two causes are their different lifestyle and sectionalism. The first problem was that the North and South hadRead MoreThe Battle Of Antietam And The Civil War876 Words   |  4 Pagessentence perfectly represents the Battle of Antietam as a turning point in the Civil War and its effect on America decades later. The small step was one man s step on the moon just like the Battle of Antietam was just another battle during the Civil War, but they were short and impactful events that revolutionized their fields. America s advances in science and technology would not be the same without that one step on the moon. Similarly, without this one battle, America s modern beliefs on slaveryRead MoreThe Battle Of Northern Virginia1504 Words   |  7 Pages22, 717 total casualties, the Battle of Antietam will go down as the bloodiest battle in American history, even surpassing Pearl Har bor and even to the surprise of many, D-Day. This battle was one of many in the Maryland campaign for the Confederacy, but this battle will cost the Confederacy many lives that will be of more significance to the Confederacy then the Union, as they have a larger population to pull troops from. The Battle of Antietam was fought in the city of Sharpsburg, Maryland in SeptemberRead MoreThe Civil War1055 Words   |  5 Pageswhat led to the start of the Civil War and what happened as soon as President Abraham Lincoln was elected to office. Then to add in the action the story line will tell about major battles of the war to include the battle of Bull Run, the seven days battle at Richmond, the second battle of Bull Run, and the battle at Antietam. Then comes the Emancipation Proclamation and what it brought about to the United States of America. So please sit back, relax, and enjoy the information this story has to offerRead MoreThe Battle Of Antietam And The Civil War985 Words   |  4 PagesThe Battle of Antietam, or The Battle of Sharpsburg as the South would call it, took place on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek. This was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. The American Civil War was beginning its second year of combat. As the Confederate States of America came close to winning the war, independence was well on its way. At first the result of the battle was controversial, as it could not be determined

Shopping The Pros And Cons Of Online Shopping - 724 Words

As the fast growth of technology, people prefer online shopping more than shopping in the physical store. A lot of surveys show us there’s a great increase in online shopping. For people to choose to shop online, pros should be more valuable than cons in their beliefs. The most attractive advantages of online shopping include: Purchase with almost anytime; receive a lot of information at the same time; without the expense of renting the physical store and hiring employees, the price may be cheaper; to marketing economy, this new mode of shopping can lead to a more efficient resource using; online shopping benefits in shorting time and space resources. It’s a business occurs in virtual. The largest online shopping day in China is†¦show more content†¦The price of the product is so low that many people go to the physical store to do window shopping and buy the product online. Communication dissatisfaction might occur in online shopping, and more patient is the way to satisfy the shoppers. Face-to-face communication is always a quicker and better way to solve the problem. There are some disadvantages of online shopping: Shoppers can’t guarantee the product is the same as the picture that show on the website; It’s difficult for shoppers to distinguish the legality of the websites; Customers sometimes can’t find the server to solve their problem. Although people can buy products with a really low price on Taobao, no one can guarantee the product to be real, and that’s the biggest problem for online shopping. Countries legislate laws to avoid customers purchase fake products; online shopping flatforms such like Taobao also set rules for customers to supervise the online store. For the legality of online shopping websites, Chinese people usually shop on Taobao so that they don’t get cheated on the fake websites, and this makes Taobao a gigantic flatform and it’s like a monopoly. People shop on Taobao and the stores get franchised to put their products on Taobao. Online store save their expense of hiring people, but it also cause the problem of no one responding online. Customers may have some questions of the product, and it’s easy to solve this problem in physical store, but online store sometimesShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Online Shopping Vs. Traditional Shopping866 Words   |  4 Pages Shopping is when a person referred to as a customer, browses through a selection of goods and or services with the intent to purchase an option that best suits them. Shopping is one of the most common habits of today’s society and is done both for leisure and economical purposes. Traditionally, one would do their shopping at a store, but with all the technological advancements that we’ve had over the years, our manners have been shifting toward the use of the Internet as more consumers turnRead Morepros and cons of online shopping1770 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluating Arguments in Article Analysis Article 1 : Benefits Of Shopping Online Question 1 The issue that is being discussed is about the benefits of online shopping . The article is written on 7th February 2009 by Mansi Citranshi . Today , the world is already at the tip of our fingers . We can do so many things by using internet .Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce where buyers can directly buy goods or services from a seller over the internet service . We can choose a varietyRead MoreWhy Are Ebates Is A Reward Program?1247 Words   |  5 Pagesand over the course of a year can add up to a hefty sum. Shopping Ebates. Ebates is a reward program that will return a percentage of your total online shopping bill to you if you enter the store s online site through an Ebates link. Pros: Ebates is a reputable company that actually sends you checks for your shopping experience. There is a plethora of stores to choose from, including almost every large chain in America including online giants like eBay and Amazon. The cash back rewards typicallyRead MorePlaying Fields Between Offline And Online Stores1271 Words   |  6 Pagesoffline and online stores uneven? For example: Are you the type to window shop in real stores but buy in virtual stores? Online shopping has largely influenced consumers for over 30 years. However during its inception, many consumers still preferred to travel to a physical store location to purchase products as they were unsure about this new method of shopping but as time passed, more people jumped on the bandwagon and soon it became mainstream. The question now though, is that are the shopping fieldsRead MoreHome plus Essay813 Words   |  4 Pagesfocus heavily on online retail in addition to investing in technology in a way that helps it differentiate itself and achieve that competitive edge for sustainable growth. Alternatives 1. Online Channel Pros Increase in the number of smartphones users in Korea as a result of which they have come to value online shopping a lot (an increase of 205% from 2005 to 2011) for the ease of use and convenience that it offers. Homeplus needs to tap into this market by setting up a robust online channel whereRead MoreEssay on Grocery Gateway1372 Words   |  6 Pagespresident of industrial engineering and operations systems, must provide recommendations for improving and optimizing the delivery operations. Situation Analysis Background Grocery Gateway, founded in 1997 by Bill Nardo, is Canada’s largest direct online grocer and provides its services to residents of the Greater Toronto area (GTA). The company provides approximately 6,500 items including dry goods, health and beauty products, alcoholic beverages, fresh produce and frozen foods on their website wwwRead MorePros : Pros And Cons Chart1420 Words   |  6 PagesChallenge 1: Pros and Cons Chart A Pros and Cons chart is used to weigh up different options with the aid of detailed information o create an argument for and against each option. A ranking system can be used to rate each factor from most important to least important. Google can use a Pros and Cons chart to see if a partnership with specific apps such as weather apps is a possible solution to the problem they are facing with these apps. Join Partnership with â€Å"Weather Live† App Pros Cons Increases inRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Using The Web As A Distribution Channel1225 Words   |  5 PagesDiscussion Assignment Unit 7 What are the pros and cons of using the Web as a distribution channel? Are there any situations where it is inappropriate for a company to establish an e-commerce site? Be prepared to defend your answers to your peers. There are many advantages and disadvantages of using the internet as a distribution channel. First, while the internet makes it easy for customers to look for information about a product, read reviews, and form a general idea about what to buy and whereRead MoreEssay on E-Shopping837 Words   |  4 Pages E-Shopping Online shopping has impacted the economic, political and cultural development of the financial markets and the economy. Many consumers have been using the World Wide Web in order to purchase items. The computer technology has allowed consumers to use the internet to their convenience to shop. Online shopping has impacted the United States economy greatly. The impacts of online shopping have been advantageous as well as disadvantageous. The beneficial impacts of online shopping areRead MoreOnline Shopping Is More Effective Than Conventional Shopping1673 Words   |  7 Pageswith work, and as a mom, I m a big fan of online shopping† - Kirsty Gallacher Online shopping had gone into business as early as 1992. The number of people that used online shopping had gone up when people started to gain ownership of personal computers. In 2007, 875 million people had at least made one online purchase that year. It continued to grow after that it had been recorded that 9 percent of the United States had been purchasing items online. With the creation of the World Wide Web and

Coca Cola in India Business Communications Free Essays

Sanjiv Gupta, President and CEO of Coca Cola in India, is facing a crisis concerning pesticide levels in coke in the country of India. The Center for Science and Environment (CSE), an activist group in India focused on environmental sustainability issues issued a press release stating: â€Å"12 major cold drink brands sold in and around Delhi contain a deadly cocktail of pesticide residues† (Argenti, p. 284). We will write a custom essay sample on Coca Cola in India: Business Communications or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recommendations for Coke’s communications strategies include accepting and adhering to higher standards of social responsibility in India and forming an alliance with the government to set these higher safer standards. Coca Cola should choose to emerge and set itself apart from its biggest competitor, Pepsi, by accepting a more socially responsible. In order to accomplish this, Coke can align itself with the CSE goals for an environmentally safe and industrialized India. Coke should recognize the enormous reputational benefits that could come from such a partnership in correcting the pollution problem in India. Taking on social responsibilities has a number of positive outcomes for corporate leaders. Once the world community learns of Coke’s environmentally responsible goal in India, the company will project a positive interest in India and to the rest of the world (Argenti, p. 65 ). The people of India have shown that they want a company that is concerned about their health, welfare, and environment as â€Å"sales down over 30-40%1 in only two weeks on the heels of a 75% five-year growth trajectory and 25-30%2 year-to-date growth† (Argenti, p. 285 ) A positive reputation can help companies weather crises more effective (Argenti, p. 91) The next step would be for Coke to enhance its relationship with the government. Companies have begun to realize that instead of fighting regulation, it should advocate its position to political decision makers (Argenti, p. 238). Businesses use a number of tactics to further the position of their business with the influential group of economic decision makers (Adams Brock, 1986). With the influence in the government, Coke can be involved with the developing of the new standards the government has demanded. Strong government relations are important in India (in any country) and will provide an opportunity to communicate all the benefits and investments Coke has provided to the economy in India including almost 7000 jobs. By working with the government to set standards and clean up pollution, Coke will have influence of the government. Influence over the government has proven to be a benefit for business (Irin, 2010). When business has an â€Å"influence in government, unless you’re right there to limit it, it can intrude in just about any industry,† In conclusion, leaders of successful organizations with a consistent in their message and image has ensured everyone involved of an initiative or change, what it is intended to achieve, as well as the route that will be taken is going to continue to be successful (Clutterbuck 2001). A company with an international image and reputation is going to weather this crisis. They can also take a socially responsible approach, and lead change in India. This will distinguish the corporation from its competitors, and as Proverbs tells us, â€Å"defend the rights of the poor and needy† (Proverbs 31:9). A constituent is someone who is on the receiving end of a message, in the words of Aristotle â€Å"person †¦ to whom the end or object of the speech refers† (1975). The key constituents are those that are receiving the message of the communication. In this case, the constituency would be the government of India and the Coke-drinking public, particularly those in India. The message will be sent out all over the world that Coca Cola aided in the environment of India. With use of the internet, messages of companies reach the far corners of the world within a matter of minutes (Argenti, p. 172). Biblical Integration: God wants us to help our fellow brother, not to ignore them. The Bible tells us â€Å"Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; maintain the rights of the poor and oppressed. Rescue the weak and needy; deliver them from the hand of the wicked. † Psalm 82:3-4 How to cite Coca Cola in India: Business Communications, Papers

Digital Marketing Involving Areas

Question: Describe about An analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing for the chosen organisation. This should include areas like promotion, distribution, service provision, new product development and so on !!!the organisation selected is NIKE !!! Answer: Introduction Nike runs several different forms of digital marketing involving areas such as social networking, television advertisement and paid online advertisements to reach its wide customer base. This customer base spans across 6 continents and the company utilise up to 44,000 employees worldwide to conduct their operations.[1] Their use of professional athletes is particularly effective as it provides prominent role models that consumers idolise, therefore solidifying Nike products are a top-tier sports ware brand. They have a variety of successful social media campaigns promoting their products, one of which is the highly successful Find your Greatness campaign which collected over five million views, nine thousand likes and one thousand comments.[2] This advertisement reached a huge global audience which is an incredible form of advertisement as the product reaches a large proportion of its target audience due to the filter systems created for ads on social platforms. This provides their p roducts with a high effectiveness in their advertisement as adverts reach primarily the audience that they would appeal to. This is further reinforced in the distribution figures of Nike, which show that their direct sales provide a higher margin than sales to wholesalers. This means that the direct marketing campaigns that Nike employ are highly successful as they sell more units themselves, than through wholesale companies [3] . The present report analyses the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike. Analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike Nikes research and development department is also hugely successful as they develop new products in their RD department, but then test them through a variety of means, the primary being using groups of sports personalities and journalists to test their products in a controlled setting, this actually provides them with a basis for prototype marketing as commonly their shoes receive a large amount of attention before they are even released. [4] This is incredibly useful as in the necessary process of testing their new products, they are also reducing the costs of their final marketing campaign for their products which is a solid business strategy. They then make their services apparent to their customer base by advertising their products with local sports stars to increase the relatability of their advertisement for the consumer, subsequently increasing the likelihood of adverts being successful and their campaign being more cost effective. An example of this would be their use of loca l star Marco Bresciano in Australia to provide a relevant focus of their advertisement to the Australian public. [5] The end goal of Nike is to make sure that people buy their products and not from other brands. For accomplishing the goal, the company has made a good choice to diverge from the traditional advertising and emphasize on digital marketing. The brand has taken up an appropriate step in that big investment has been made in social media, that includes Facebook and Twitter and Nike+, the companys own social network. The demand is that by owing the data and providing services to the customers, there is a desirable increase in the brand loyalty. Livestrong campaign is a good example of how the company uses mobile to involve consumers in marketing campaigns. Nike had the interactive campaign Fuel Your Team using the Nike+ social platform having more than six million members[6]. Nikes digital media approaches have been determined by changes in the means consumers can interact with the brands. There is the underlying realization that digital technologies have changed internal processes in companies apart from consumer-facing processes. For accompanying the shift towards rise of digital media, the brand has built multiple social sites and launched a presence in social platform dominating specific geographies. Nike has strengthened their brand over Instagram as using arty videos and carefully shot photographs is benefitting the brand image. Nike has branched into many departments as it has witnessed much growth. The aspect where Nike excels in Twitter is that their interaction with the followers is strong and it provides an effective platform to get advice and responses from the consumers that make them feel special. Nike has the longest and largest standing following on Facebook. It is the purposeful utilization of social media where community build up is poss ible among the consumers. Such community is the forum for discussing new ideas and opinions on how to bring advancements in the brand image. The venture division Digital Sport is a thought process from global strategy comprehending requirements of digital strategy. Getting close to consumers data means Nike holds promise for being one of the worlds biggest sports companies. It has the foundation for getting the best answers to the opportunities for engaging with the consumers and getting feedback from their products. The bold move implies that Nike can follow close the customers and the users and forge a long-term association and strong relation[7]. Nike has understood that the purchase of a product from the company is not the end of marketing cycle. It is rather the beginning of the opportunity to offer a varied variety of serves and products tailored for individual needs. What Nike is executing is really the way famous brands must do for marketing themselves to the consumers in the present era of high competitive market. Digital marketing is being used to answer questions of the consumers, raise awareness and allow consumers to share the results. Nike has achieved a large amount of brand exposure from the excellent digital marketing, especially through social media[8]. However there have been several issues with their marketing campaigns such as; A mismatch between product offering and customer needs, apparent with their Nike Free Run mens running shoes as they were more comfortable when walking than running. This mismatch could reduce their marketing success as shoes could become known as ineffective at their role and therefore their unit sales would drop as consumer confidence would be reduced in the produce. Another issue which could cause Nike the same problem is that their product quality on Nike Air shoes was reported to be low, further reducing consumer confidence due to this being a large safety concern. Finally there has been an issue of the Nike website not entertaining a customers query, since the point of service is not a Nike store but a Wal-Mart. This would cause a loss of sales as retailers that are not invested in Nike products would not have employees possess the required knowledge to advise customers on which shoes would best suit their needs and therefore some consumers may be put off by this and seek other competetors products that they can collect more information on before they make their purchase. This is damaging to the company as it would cause a loss of sales due to its outsourcing of sales and the lower number of own branded shops which could provide consumers with more targeted information, making their previous marketing campaigns more effective as units would subsequently actually be sold. [2] Conclusion In conclusion the social media marketing campaigns of Nike are highly effective in reaching their target audiences, however improvements need to be made in the testing of new products to ensure marketing can surround the strengths of the product and the product can meet standard, furtherly their points of sale need to be improved to ensure that products that have been successfully advertised can then be sold to the consumers. Bibliography 1 - https://www.nikebiz.com/crreport/content/workers-and-factories/3-11-0-interactive-map.php?cat=map 2 - https://www.slideshare.net/ojasvipat/final-digital-marketing-at-nike 3 - https://marketrealist.com/2014/12/nikes-distribution-channels-products-reach-customers/ 4 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-4.html 5 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-6.html 6 - https://www.intelligenthq.com/social-media-business/nike-takes-digital-data-and-social-media-marketing-seriously/ 7 - https://digitalfireflymarketing.com/how-nike-killing-it-social-media-marketing 8 - https://linkhumans.com/case-study/nike

Language in Montessori free essay sample

The Montessori classroom uses the phonics approach to teach reading. Outline the graded phonics sequence and state the reading skills required at each stage. â€Å"Language lies at the root of that transformation of the environment that we call civilization. † (source 3) Language is the ability to understand speech and a desire to convey one’s feelings and thoughts. It is through communication that human beings are able to cooperate with each other to solve common problems. It is through communication based on written and oral language in particular that each generation has passed on its accumulating wisdom to the next. Language, we may say, grow with human thought†. (source 4). Language is the ability to understand speech and a desire to convey one’s feelings and thoughts. It is part of the human tendencies to want to communicate with others. Montessori said, ‘To talk is the nature of man’. Humans needed language in order to communicate, and soon, the powers that come with the language revealed. We will write a custom essay sample on Language in Montessori or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The evolution of the human language began when communication was done through pictograms and drawings. By reading I mean the interpretation of an idea by means of graphics or a symbol†¦A child does not read until he receives ideas from the written word† ( source 5 ) It then developed into ideograms when pictures began to turn into symbols. Later, these symbols became words, words involved letters, vowels emerged, and one symbol came to represent one sound. Language differentiates a community from one another but at time it also unites and binds human beings of different races together through a common language. The sensitive period for language occurs from birth to six years old. This sensibility is transitory and once gone it will never return. The language explosive happenings and eruptions in his powers of expressions continue in the child well after the age of two. After two and a half years old, which marks the borderline of man’s mental formation, begins a new period in organizing the language and this continues to develop without explosion, learn many new words and perfects his sentence formation. At six years old, a child has learnt to speak correctly according to the rules of his mother tongue. Reading and writing go hand in hand. Montessori observed that young children often have â€Å"an explosion into writing† and because of their early sensorial awareness, writing comes before actual reading. Through the sensorial exercises the child has preparation to handle the pencil and the sensitivity of touch develops through the tactile exercises and the eye is trained for developing eye-hand coordination . This indirect preparation for writing is achieved by the development and refinement of the senses of touch, sight and sound. (Source1) Language skills are encouraged through a phonics curriculum. Children learn the sounds of letters then match objects to the letters and eventually use a movable alphabet to form simple words. This is the beginning of the reading stage. It is an important tool of culture, and as such, children need to be given the correct introduction to all aspects of language from a very early age. It is important for the child to read with comprehension and write with correct grammar, spelling and vocabulary. There are exercises that prepare the child’s hand to use writing tools, while his mind is being given information he may record. Language is an empowering skill in the Montessori setting. The role of the directress is pivotal and she can induce the child to reach high levels of verbal and written expression. â€Å"In every exercise when the child has recognized the differences between the qualities of the objects, the teacher fixes the idea of this quality with a word. † ( source 5) Language is spread through the Montessori curriculum . It is used in Sensorial, Practical life and Math lessons. The sensitive period for language is the longest because we are never finished learning new vocabulary. The social graces are taught through the use of language: the child learns to be polite and communicate through verbal expression. Language gives the child a sense of meaningful existence. â€Å"The mind and the hand are prepared separately for written language and follow different roads to the same goal†. ( source 5 ) Phonics based materials lead children through a natural progression of writing and reading skills. The development of language is an umbrella for the entire Montessori curriculum. Language is divided into three areas: Speaking, Writing and Reading. Speech develops naturally in a child . From 2 to 6 years of age ,the child is at his sensitive period for language and is said to have an â€Å"absorbent mind†. While the child retains many of the sounds he/ she hear, the information is stored randomly in different places in the mind. Typically around the age of 2 ? , an explosion of actual speech and language in the child’s mother tongue takes place. â€Å"Phonetic â€Å"means by sound and the Montessori reading program is based on the sounds associated with the letters of the alphabet. The child moves progressively from single sound of single letters (e. â€Å"s†) to more complicated sound of a group or combination of letters which are called â€Å"phonograms† . A phonetic word is a word that the child can read by pronouncing the sound of each letter the way he was taught using the sandpaper letters. Dr Montessori on sandpaper letters : â€Å" This process forms the first preparation ,not only for wri ting ,but also for reading ,because it is evident that when the child touches the letters he performs movement corresponding to the writing of them,and,at the same time, when he recognizes them by sight he is reading the alphabet. (Source 2) The sandpaper letters provides the child a three –fold impression by seeing, touching and hearing the sound of the letters. The repetition of this exercise fixes the path of each of the letters in the child’s muscular memory, which prepares the child for hand writing at a later stage. After the letter sounds and shapes with the sandpaper letter, the Movable Alphabets is the next exercise for the child to learn about words. The set contains 155 movable alphabets, 10 pieces of each vowel in blue and 5 pieces of each consonant in red. It enables the child to build words and simple sentences. The Movable Alphabets will work together with the pink, blue and green schemes. Objects and toys represent three letter words, such as bed, lid, pan. The teacher sounds out the words slowly so the child can hear the sound- b†¦e†¦d. The child selects the letter for the first sound. Then the child selects the letter for the second and then the third sound. When the child is confident at word building, the child is introduced to the pink boxes. The first box has objects and corresponding three letter phonic word cards. They progress to pictures and word cards. The child can move on to longer words and sentences. The first level in the reading scheme is called the â€Å"Pink Scheme†, representing reading of phonetic words with three letters or less. The next level is â€Å"Blue Scheme†, representing reading of phonetic words with four or more letters. The last level is â€Å"Green Scheme†, representing reading of words with phonograms. Pink Scheme: A child will learn the basic sounds of the 26 alphabets through the sandpaper letters. After which, he/ she will learn how to blend 2 to 3 lettered phonetically sounded words together , e. . ‘cat’, ‘mat’, ‘dog’, ‘pup’. The child will also be introduced to sight words like ‘the’ , ‘a’, . Upon mastering the above type of words ,he/she will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting 3 lettered phonetic words. The Large Movable Alphabets (LMA) will be used to build words through blending in dividual sounds together. This will help a child in his/her spelling skills. Blue Scheme: Children having mastered the words in the pink scheme will move on to this stage whereby they will blend 4, 5 and 6 lettered phonetically sounded words together. Words like ‘rock’ will be introduced. Upon mastering the above type of words , children will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting 4 , 5 ,or 6 lettered phonetically sounded words. They will continue to work with the LMA as they continue to build words through blending individual sounds together . Simple grammar like â€Å"Singular ‘ and â€Å"Plural’ are also introduced at the end of the blue scheme. Green Scheme: This is the final stage of the Montessori English curriculum. Children at this stage are introduced to phonograms, e. g ‘oo’, ’ee’, ‘ie’ etc. Phonograms are words formed by 2 vowels. Words like ‘rain’ , ‘train’, ’book’ etc are words that a child will get to learn . Upon mastering the above type of words ,the child will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting phonograms. They will now work with the Small Movable Alphabet (SMA) as they build words through blending phonograms with other phonetically sounded letters together. Comprehension, composition, grammar and vocabulary will be introduced at the end of this scheme. The insets are the first direct preparation for handwriting in a Montessori classroom. They are the most important materials for establishing basic habits in handwriting that the child will retain for the rest of his life. â€Å"Metal insets teach the child how to organize the movement of writing, which brings him to the management of the pen† (source 2) Prior to introducing the insets, extensive indirect preparation for handwriting is done through practical life materials and sensorial materials to establish order, concentration, coordination and independence in a child. In particular, the fine motor muscles developed through the three-finger grasp exercises, prepare the child for success in handwriting. The left to right, and top to bottom sequencing of materials patterned the writing directionality. Other than indirectly prepare for handwriting, the sensorial materials like knobbed cylinders and knobs on geometric cabinets insets also reinforced the three –finger grasp required for grasping the pencil. The lightness of touch and the relaxed movement of the wrist is introduced with the tactile boards and the tactile tablets. An indirect preparation for writing begins with Practical Life Exercises, which are presented to the children when they enter the Montessori classroom ideally at age three. The purpose of these exercises is not to learn the particular skill involved, although this accomplishment undoubtedly will aid the self confidence and independence of the children. The direct preparation of writing begins with the use of sandpaper letters as a form of kinesthetic practice. At the same time, the muscular movement needed for writing is refined by the use of thumb and index finger to grasp tiny knobs . Control of a pencil is developed by tracing of frames with the insets. The children’s introduction to the phonemic awareness is through the â€Å"I Spy† game. A few miniature objects are placed in front of the children . The teacher will say,’I spy with my little brown eye something that begins with the sound ‘b’. This game allows us to determine that the child can isolate initial sounds indicating a developmental readiness for learning letters. The sounds of the alphabet are introduced to the child using the sandpaper letters. The child feels the shape of the letter sees it and hears the sound simultaneously. The first set includes the letters s, b, n, t, c, and a. The teacher selects three letters for the first lesson. We give what we call a three period lesson that reflects different levels of understanding. First period: ‘This letter makes the sound ‘buh’-child traces and repeats the sound. The teacher follows the same for the rest of the letters. Second period: All three letters are placed in front of the child . Which letter says the sound ‘buh’? When the child can successfully recognize each letter, the teacher will move to the next step. Third period: The three letters are placed in front of the child. The teacher asks â€Å"What sound does this make†? and the child produces the corresponding letter sound. The three period lessons are used in the review and the introduction of a new material. The Montessori reading material is classified into the Pink scheme, the Blue scheme, and the Green scheme. The aim of the Pink scheme is to give the child a variety of work of the same style to maintain her interest. The Blue scheme is the same format of materials that give the child lots of practice reading phonetic words. While the Green scheme is where reading fluency really begins. It includes silent letters. â€Å"In brief, writing helps a child’s physiologically and reading helps him socially† (source5) The activities in the language area help us understand and appreciate the world.

Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection

Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection Introduction The world is a host to many different types of people with different backgrounds and holding different cultural views. Therefore, it necessitates formulation of rules and regulations, which are intended to help these individuals to conduct them in a way that will maketheir life simpler and sober (Kerwin Scott, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is done by establishing administrative policies. As such, administrative policies are those rules created in an organization aimed at guiding the company’s overall performance and as such, the company ensure that the organization archive its targeted milestone. These rules are usually made by the organization officials to help the subordinate or the outside world to perform as required. As usual, these rules always restrict the performance of a person. As such, rules give guidance to a person, that is, to act according to the main goal of an institution or country. The notion of the rules leads to easy operation and quick achievement of the goal (Kerwin Scott, 2010). Thesis Statement The purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between a bureaucratic or an administrative policy and a legal or ethical dilemma, strategy or innovation. Discussion The difference in perception of people concerning the rules creates a dilemma whereby, one is unable to choose from the set rules concerning what course of action he should take in order to have the same performance. The confusion created makes the goal unrealizable. Moreover, these dilemmas delay the performance of an organization. In order to achieve any set goal, some strategies have to be established in an effort towards ensuring that, everyone in the organization is informed and that every employee abides to the statute (Trimble, 2011). The generated strategies need to be known by everyone. T his in turn will ensure that, focus on the set goals is shifted from in individual point of view to a group point of view. The ethical dilemma brought about by the administrative policies tends to make people to act against their will which may bring contravene of oneself. This is a great challenge, which an organization needs to address in an effort towards bringing everyone on board into a consensus regarding matter pertaining to his or her performance (Trimble, 2011).Advertising Looking for case study on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As to comprehend the relationship between the set rules and the dilemma, which result from their perceptions, it is necessary that one focus on the Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection. Chesapeake Bay is a bay in North America. It is greatly spread in areas around Virginia. Due to the favorable environment around the Bay, the area is highly inhabited (Ferrier , Jenkins, 2009). The approximated number of people who live on the banks of the Bay is about 4.7 million people, this, therefore pose as a great risk since it is likely that the people living there will destroy the not only the immediate environment but also the water in the ocean. Therefore, the government had to create rules and regulations to control the activities that were to take place in this region (Ferrier Jenkins, 2009). The prevention of water pollution was made possible through a rule that controlled the amount of pollutants discharged into the ocean by the players in the manufacturing industry. (Thomas Copeland, 2008) conducted a research and it followed that, according to their findings, the pollutant pose as a great risk to the aquatic plants and animals. As such, the pollutants affected the water such that it could be used neither for domestic purposes nor for leisure. The erosion from the lands, which used nitrogen and phosphorous manures, were directly affectin g the appearance of the ocean because it accelerated the growth of the aquatic plants, which eventually died due to excessive growth, that is, they grew in such a way that, they competed for the available nutrients and therefore most of them died (Thomas Copeland, 2008). The deposition of the dead plant materials on the surface of the water acted as barriers to the penetration of sunlight into the water. Sunlight being a necessity for the survival of plants and the animals, the reduced intensity has a negative impact to the ecosystem in the ocean (Thomas Copeland, 2008). The government passed a rule such that, for a person to discharge the pollutant into the Bay’s waters, one should obtain a permit. This regulation can be said to cause an ethical dilemma whereby, it leaves the people around this area without an idea on where or how to get rid of the waste products from the factories or even how to deal with the issue of fertilizer. The tremendous development within the area around the bay has caused great change of the landscape. The construction of buildings, as well as leveling off the ground to build roads has resulted to large mass of sediments being carried into the ocean by water (Thomas Copeland, 2008). Consequently, this lowers the water level or the ocean bed. This therefore has fatal ending as the life of those aquatic animals, which cannot survive in shallow waters, are placed in jeopardy.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This indeed proves that there a great risk in the world loosing it indigenous aquatic animal species, particularly, the rare fish. From all this observation, the government had to come up with rules to restrict or control the methods of building and construction. As usual, the dilemma involved here is that, people have to build specific type of houses as directed by the government but not according to his desire. The environmental protection agency decided to set rules and regulation, which were to be followed by people residing within the countries surrounding the Bay. As such, these rules were designed for the governments and from that point, the governments would then impose them on its citizens. In fact, these rules were drafted and gazzeted incorporating the views and the contributions from the inhabitants. To elaborate this, each country’s residents were given chance to say what they thought could be the best rules. They were encouraged to find those views that were beneficial to them and at the same time, help in conserving the environment (Galloway, 2002). It became mandatory that the oil and gas companies or investors within the energy sector had to obtain a permit from this organization. The licensing body had to inspect the proposed sites and as such, they ensured that these energy firms are situated in the right place. Further, it required the firms to install waste disposal pipes so that, the water system was not interfered with. Consequently, this initiative gave rise to the development of the Energy policy act, which helped in ensuring that the rule is strictly followed. The plans, which are made by the environmental protection agency, are very positive and as such, they aim at helping the actions towards conservation of the environment. The organization aims at helping the farmers around the Bay to produce or to plant crops, which are of short seasoned and hence avoid bare land seasons. This will help to reduce soil erosion and assist greatly in mitigating the death of aquatic animals. The EPA also aims at providing a report on an annual basis concerning the ocean toxicities (Galloway, 2002). This will in turn create awareness to the residents in regard to the risk they are posing unconsciously. Moreover, it assists in helping individuals recognize the progress of their intended goal that is, reducing toxicities o f the water. Since this is a public issue, they also have to strictly deal with those individuals, who have a tendency of going against the set rules. Consequently, this measure provides a lesson to those who might be holding such motives.Advertising Looking for case study on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organizations is also aiming at teaching the people on the importance of clean water and inform them on the risk cropping up when people neglect their environment. This will make the residents to join hands in fighting against pollution and instead conserve the Chesapeake Bay. They will achieve this through collaborating with investors and the government in order to reach many people (Galloway, 2002). The regulations established by the environment protection agency may appear unfavorable to everyone and as such, this serve as a dilemma as some people perceive the rules as cornering them and therefore, they tend not to abide to them. Therefore, the organization need to hold training workshops in order to assist such people in understanding what people are doing and the objective of the project concerning the conservation of the environment. The agreement created between; the environment protection agency, the countries around the Chesapeake Bay, and the people leaving around thos e areas has an influence on the people’s ethics. The reason for this is that, it has helped people understand the benefit of the environment and therefore, making them to development an attitude of responsibility. Concerning their countries of residence, the agreement makes them to develop a concern in regard to their surrounding and hence they come to realize that, reduced economic growth is a consequent of destroyed environment. Still, they come to understand that it takes a great deal of time and resources in an effort towards rejuvenate a destroyed place (Galloway, 2002). Conclusion To conclude this discussion, the environment entails very vital resource Individuals ought to ensure that the environment is maintained in its original state. This is because, when one element of our surrounding is affected, it follows that very many elements are affected too, either directly or indirectly. Water being the main source of life, there is great need to ensure that we do not exhau st or infect the water resource. Having seen some of the causes of water pollution people need to reduce the use of manure in their farms, to always plant crops to prevent sediments being carried to the water catchment areas of which otherwise could pose as a great risks to aquatic animals. Let us preserve the environment since it is a non-renewable resource. References Ferrier, R. C., Jenkins, A. (2009). Handbook of Catchment Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Galloway, J. (2002). Optimizing nitrogen management in food and energy production. London, UK: Taylor Francis, Kerwin, C.M., Scott, R. F. (2010). Rule Making: How Government Agencies Write Law and Make Policy. (4th ed.). Washington D.C: Congressional Quarterly Press. Thomas, S.V., Copeland, C. (2008). Water pollution issues and developments. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Publishers Trimble, D.C. (2011). Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Congressional Testimony. Collingdale, PA: DIANE Publishing

The Economy, Monetary Policy and Monopolies Essay

The Economy, Monetary Policy and Monopolies - Essay Example For instance, in 2007 the interest rate was recorded to be approximately 5% which decreased to below 1% by the end of 2009. Since then, till the current phase of the economic conditions prevailing within United States the interest rates has been recorded below 0.5% which shows further decline in the country’s financial market (US Department of the Treasury, 2012). Inflation Rates Fig.2: US Inflation Rates 2002-2012 (US Inflation Calculator, 2012) The inflation rates of the United States which was recorded as 4.1% during the year 2007 which further declined to 0.1% by the year 2008. However, it augmented to an average of 2% within the period of 2009 to 2012. This indicates that in terms of inflation rates the economy is regaining its stability performing almost similarly as during the period prior to 2007 (US Inflation Calculator, 2012). Unemployment Rates Fig.3: US Unemployment Rates 2007-2012 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012) In relation to the above represented statist ics, it can be observed that United States witnessed an unemployment rate between 4-5% during 2007-2008. This further augmented to above 8% by 2012. This indicates that the economy had been witnessing a continuous de-gradation of its employment situation in the labor market over the past five years (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). 2. Propose two (2) strategies that the federal government could implement that would encourage people to spend more money in order to create employment opportunities. Financial Leverage Financial leverage can be considered as one of the effective sets of practices in which the Return on Equity (RoE) is increased through the escalating rate of debt amounts. With this concern, the federal government of the U.S. should be focused on magnifying the amount of RoE even in situations when debt amounts tend to be increasing. Therefore, the financial strategy of the federal government should consider the investable assets related to the amount of equity as it would promote financial growth (Financial Literacy and Education Commission, 2011). Financial Decision Making and Financial Literacy Strategies related to the augmentation of financial literacy and effective decision making process would further provide competent direction in relation to financial education, policy, research, practice as well as coordination among the stakeholders, investors and other financial institutions. Moreover, effective forms of financial education and decision making process would offer the benefits of evaluating the risk of interest rates and provide an effective way to trim down the debt amounts (Financial Literacy and Education Commission, 2011). 3. Identify a situation in the past 50 years in which the government used antitrust policies to stop a monopoly from occurring. Include the circumstances of the proposed monopoly and the reason the government stepped in. Predict what would have occurred had the monopoly succeeded. Various antitrust policies h ave been implemented by the US government over the past decades to prohibit unhealthy competition in terms of monopoly within its national business environment. One of such Act can be identified as the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984 (15 U.S.C. Â § Â § 4301-05). The reason behind implementing this act can be