The Power Of Independent Governance - 1629 Words

Topic A primary element in statehood is the quality of independent governance of its intrastate state and international duties from any external powers without which would render it a client state. The second limb of independent governance can largely be gauged by the degree of power a state has to converse with the international community and assert itself as an independent personality subservient to no other nation. Both the executive and legislative external affairs powers have evolved in lock step with one another and they should be viewed alongside each other. The external affairs power began with a narrow scope in regard to treaties with Australia as subservient to Britain on the international stage and there onwards has increased†¦show more content†¦From this the Original scope of the external affairs power was narrow and the element of the aforementioned power lay within the hands of the empire; that being the ability to enter into treaties or avoid entering into them independently. (1906) Six years after federation, Sir Isaac Isaacs then Attorney-General advised the Prime Minister on the aforesaid section with the observation that an express legislative power as to treaties would probably have enabled the Parliament to provide for the making of treaties by the Commonwealth without being expressly sanctioned by the Imperial Parliament of the Crown. At that time the Imperial Government could conclude treaties for the whole Empire. Nevertheless, he concluded that despite the removal of the reference to treaties in section 51(xxix) of the Constitution, the external affairs power still gave the Commonwealth Parliament the power to make such provision as is necessary to enable the obligation to be fulfilled . Although this was not in a judgement it was significant enough to intimate that the ‘External affairs’ power was slowly being interpreted more liberally wherefrom the powers in regards to implementing treaties was largely derived. (1911-1939) Political changes In the 1911 colonial conference, Sir Edward Grey, on behalf of the UK Government, assured the empireShow MoreRelatedThe Success Or Failure For The Walt Disney Company Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagement to their organisation. 1.2 A - Definition of Corporate Governance Corporate governance is the internal and external framework of verification and counterbalance to the organisation. This framework ensures that accountability discharge to all their stakeholders by an organisation. Meanwhile, at all areas of the business activity, the organisation should act in a socially responsible way. (Solomon, 2013) Corporate governances can explain and analyse by different theories. Each theory is aRead MoreApplication Of Corporate Governance Principles For Corporate Failure1154 Words   |  5 PagesApplication of corporate governance principles prevent corporate failure (One.Tel Ltd case) Introduction an basic concepts It is notable that recalling the past two centuries and all departments of the financial system, there have been only handful failures in Australia (Davis, 2004, p. 10). In recent decades, however, some large and famous companies unexpected collapsed, such as Pyramid Building Society and most recently HIH groups and medical insurance providers UMP (Davis, 2004, p. 237). ThereRead MoreThe New Concept Of Having An Independent Director Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesCompanies Act, 2013 has given Independent directors great empowerment so as to make sure that management and affairs of the company run fairly and smoothly, at the same time making an independent director accountable for all actions taken by him. Further this Act, 2013 empowered the Independent directors to have a definite say in the management of a company, which thereby immensely strengthens the corporate governance of the country. The Act also empowers independent directors with proper checksRead MoreGood Governance in Pakistan1667 Words   |  7 PagesGood Governance in Pakistan. OUTLINES: 1. Introduction 2. Definition of Governance 3. Governance in Pakistan. 4. Failures of Governance in Pakistan 5. Causes of failures: 1. Political commotion 2. No democratic setup 3. Military intrusion 4. Feudal indulgence 5. Massive Corruption 6. Constitutional crises 7. Institutional clashes 8. Mismanagement of resources 9. Lack of Accountability 10. Over Exploitation of funds 11. Restrictions on media 12. Ethnic conflicts 13. Secterianism 14. Extremism 6 EssentialsRead MoreCorporate Governance Is A Main Point Attention Of An Organization1445 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Recently, corporate governance become a main point attention of an organisations. It include all perspective of an organization in every departure and over the economics. The advancement of cooperate governance is an important issue which complicated and rate to culture or finance variable (Mallin, 2015). Corporate governance has been considered as one of the important aspects in corporation. Corporate Governance. In the last decades years, the corporate governance is one of a substance thatRead MoreThe Standards And Corporate Governance Guidelines Of Mattel1563 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate Governance Guidelines of Mattel have strict requirements or rules to evaluate and determine whether these directors on the board are independent members in Mattel. In terms of the Nasdaq director independence rules, independent or outside directors are not allowed to participate in any material and pecuniary management activities and transactions as managers or employees. In addition, executive officers and employees who work in a listed company are not able to qualify independent directorsRead MoreHong Kong Establishing an Audit Committee for Companies799 Words   |  3 Pageswholly comprosed of non-executive of directors and must at least three members. At least one of the members must be an independent non executive of director wit sufficientand appropriate financial experience. Shareholders should be provided with information about the composition, role and function of the audit committee in order to assess its effectiveness. Corporate Governance Disclosure Source Details of the composition of the audit committee, the work undertaken during the year and the numberRead MoreCaterpillar: Organizational Structure and Corporate Management Controls1092 Words   |  5 PagesSTRUCTURE/CORPORATE MANAGEMENT CONTROLS âž ¢ Corporate Governance Mission Statement: o Caterpillar’s corporate governance program ensures we serve the interests of stockholders and other stakeholders with the highest standards of responsibility, integrity and compliance with all laws. These standards are guided by our board of directors and global management team, who work to oversee the company’s actions, performance and governance policies. âž ¢ âž ¢ Announced that it is aligning itsRead MoreU.s. Corporate Governance System1325 Words   |  6 Pagescorporate governance system is maximization of shareholders value, thus executive compensation in U.S. are based on nature of the job performed and is linked to performance incentives such as bonuses or stock ownership. On the other hand, Japan and France corporate governance system objective lies on the mutual benefits of stakeholders, therefore their compensation is dependent on the achievements of the corporate overall objectives. Although all three countries uses different governance system, allRead MoreThe Rules and Principles of Corporate Governance Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate governance often refers to a set of rules and principles by which a company is directed. It provides a guideline for directing a company in order to fulfil its objective, brings added value to the enterprise, and is beneficial to the shareholders in long-term. 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The Political Views Of The British Colonies - 894 Words

Life in colonial Williamsburg, Virginia exemplified what life was like in most of the colonies in America. Prior to the Revolution, the colonists were beginning to exert more independence from the Britain. Williamsburg was primed for revolution with its political views, its armory, its weaponry, and its interesting citizens. The political views of the British colonies in America were different from Britain’s views. Britain emerged from the French and Indian War with a huge amount of debt. Britain wanted to maintain its control over the British colonies in America and also wanted the colonies to help pay the debt from the War. Parliament passed several acts, one being the Stamp Act, levying taxes on the colonies. The colonists felt they had no representation in Britain and should not be taxed without representation. The colonists did not want the Stamp Act to be a precedence for future tax acts. The Virginia legislature passed resolutions against the act. Riots broke out throug hout the colonies, including Virginia. Effigies of George Mercer, the stamp distributor in Virginia, were hanged and burned. In Williamsburg, Mercer was greeted by an angry mob. The Virginia legislature in Williamsburg passed resolutions against the Stamp Act. Eventually, Parliament repealed the act. Actions by both the colonists and the British demonstrated their philosophical differences. The colonists boycotted British goods in an effort to avoid paying import taxes. Interestingly, there wasShow MoreRelatedConventional View of the American Revolution1206 Words   |  5 Pageseconomical and political reasons behind the American Revolution. The tyrannical and foreign British rulers pave the way for the Americans to rise. If we go through history of revolution, we would come to know that there were mainly thirteen colonies, showing resentment. These thirteen colonies were between South Carolina and Maine. 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Although the political matters were related to the colonial issues the two sides had on the European continent, the major battlefield in this sense were disputed in the American colonies. It marked a crucial point in the creation of the United States and in defining the territorial identity of the country. CausesRead MoreCommon Sense: An Influence on American Independence Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesIndependence? Would your familys’ views, your friend’s views, or the views of a political pamphlet influence you? In the beginning of the American Revolution, a man by the name of Thomas Paine wrote a political pamphlet that would influence many Americans to fight for independence from Britain. Thomas Pain used several ideas that include government is a necessary evil, America will eventually be independent, Britain will always oppress the American Colonies to influence the American People, andRead MoreVirginia And Massachusetts Settlement : Virginia1033 Words   |  5 Pageslaws of primogeniture, many young gentlemen in the English colonies had to make their own fortune. John Rolfe implemented, â€Å"If You Don’t Work†¦You Don’t Eat.† Massachusetts was started by John Winthrop. The differences in the settlements upbringings were not the only d ifference, their views on religion helped shape the economy of both settlements. Virginia and Massachusetts both realized that they needed to have a strong economy, but their views on religion versus profit differed and resulted in differentRead MoreThe American Of The British Empire1041 Words   |  5 PagesIn the late half of the eighteenth century, the colonies of British North America were at a point in which they wanted more of their own identity and separation from Europe. Some of the colonists felt that way and others were quite content in continuing to live under Britain’s iron fist of legislation that they were imposing on the colonies. After the Seven Years War and the Proclamation Line of 1763, many colonists were outraged and began to display their emotions. The colonist protested throughRead MoreEssay on Resistance to Colonial Rule in Africa1041 Words   |  5 PagesBy the start of the 20th century, Colonial rule by both the French and the British in Southern A frica had rising expenditure costs. The British method of indirect rule in their colonies, created by Frederick Lugard to leave existing government as it is, had far lower costs than the French method of direct rule. Nonetheless taxation stood as the universal method of keeping all colonies cheap and straightforwardly ran. African’s disgust with a white man telling them to pay for the white man’s endeavors

Patrick Ching Essay Example For Students

Patrick Ching Essay English Per.312-4-96Anti-Affirmative ActionThat student was accepted because of affirmative action policies. With my first intake of the phrase, I realized that the student, whom I knew and worked with so many times, the one with such a lack of motivational ability, confidence, and ideas, was now occupying my chances towards a preferred school. Affirmative action, I soon found out, was used by President John F. Kennedy over 30 years ago to imply equality and equal access to all, disregarding race, creed, color, or national origin. As a policy setting out to resolve the problems of discrimination, Affirmative Action is simply nothing more than a quota of reverse discrimination. We will write a custom essay on Patrick Ching specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Affirmative Action emphasizes prospective opportunity more towards statistical measures. It promotes the hiring and acceptance of less experienced jobs of the workforce and less able students. Sometimes the affirmative action policies forces employers and schools to choose the best workers and less privileged students of the minority, in all, regardless of their potential lack basic skills. As remarked by Maarten de Wit, an author whos article I found on the World Wide Web, affirmative action beneficiaries are not the best pick, but only the best pick from a limited group. Another article I found, Affirmative action: A Counter-Productive Policy by Ernest Pasour also on the W.W.W., is one example which reveals that Duke, a very famous and prestigious university, adopted a resolution requiring each of its department to hire at least one new African-American for a faculty position the 1993 date. More proofs of Affirmative Action in action is the admission practices at the University of California Berkeley. In the same article by Pasour, it states that while whites or Asian-Americans need at least a 3.7 grade point average through high school to be in consideration for admission in Berkeley, most minorities with much lower standards are automatically admitted. All the preferential treatment may provide a basis for employers, employees, as well as real applicable students to fight for an end to Affirmative Action. The development of more racial tensions are yet another part of the Affirmative Action policy. Tensions between blacks and whites and other racial groups at U.S. colleges are related to preferential treatment. Tensions at the workplace also deal with the toleration of race and sex rather than individual abilities. Racial discrimination was said to have grown with the implementation Affirmative Action. Examples of black students attending North Carolina colleges stating that they were treated like affirmative action cases though they were not, conjured more of the racial discriminatory feelings. As described by the above author, Ernest Pasour, professors at those colleges already assumed that the African-American students lack the qualifications, thus always seeking to help by asking if any tutoring or other assistance is needed. Solutions to the Affirmative Action policies may be simple and complex. The example alternatives provided by Brian Sterlitz in his article, Alternatives to Affirmative Action found on the W.W.W., are: (1) rebuilding of civil society in minority communities; the strengthening of community associations, which will provide a foundation for collective development, (2) increasing minority and female applicant flow; maybe easy to accomplish with the addition of minority colleges and universities in campus recruitment programs at individual companies, and (3) most important promote broad policies for economic opportunity and security that benefit the low and middles-income Americans; Americans should work together toward broad based economic policies by consistently emphasizing broad-based, race-neutral policies. Examples may be, public investment, national health reform, an enlarged earned income, tax credit, child support assurance, and other policies benefiting families with young childr en.

Proverbs Language free essay sample

By surveying four idiom dictionaries (CCDI, LDE1, LID, OD1), I collected a total of 91 expressions, selecting the units labelled as British or without any geographical label: 69 idioms, 5 binomials, 11 similes and 6 formulae, l or each unit, I provided usage labels, when found  in dictionaries (derogatory, euphemistic, humorous, colloquial/informal, formal, dated, old-fashioned, archaic, slang, literary). The manner of arrangement chosen to present the list of data is by- phraseological type and syntactic structure. Phraseology appeared in the domain of lexicology and is undergoing the process of segregating as a separate branch of linguistics. The reason is clear- lexicology deals with words and their meanings, whereas phraseology studies such collocations of words (phraseologisms, phraseological units, idioms), where the meaning of the whole collocation is different from the simple sum of literal meanings of the words, comprising a phraseological unit. F.e. Dutch auction is not an auction taking place in Netherlands. The meaning of this phraseological unit refers to any auction, where instead of rising, the prices fall (compare Dutch comfort, Dutch courage, Dutch treat' reflecting complicated historical factors). We will write a custom essay sample on Proverbs Language or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Phraseological units are (according to Prof. Kunin A.V.) stable word-groups with partially or fully transferred meanings (to kick the bucket, Greek gift, drink till alls blue, drunk as a fiddler (drunk as a lord, as a boiled owl), as mad as a hatter (as a march hare)). According to Rosemarie Glaser, a phraseological unit is a lexicalized, reproducible bilexemic or polylexemic word group in common use, which has relative syntactic and semantic stability, may be idiomatized, may cam connotations, and may have an emphatic or intensifying function in a text [Glaser 1998: 125]. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Phraseology has attracted rapidly increasing interest from a wide range of language related disciplines (see Cowie 1998 for a comprehensive survey), which has yet to coalesce into an agreed set of terms and frameworks. It will be treated here within the combination rather than the neo-Firthian co-occurrence tradition of lexicology. In other words, phraseological units are identified by means of their internal form and external function rather than being observed to emerge from texts via automated analysis of their frequency of occurrence (see Howarth 1996, 1998), This approach is regarded as necessary in studies focussing on stylistic features of phraseology, which inevitably require close analysis of the production of individual speakers and writers rather than the processing of large coiporaen masse. Phraseologists no longer have to defend themselves from accusations that they are wasting their time on trivial phenomena: phraseological units of all kinds permeate everyday language use throughout all linguistic registers: in everyday speech, journalism, academic prose, literature, political or diplomatic speech and writing etc. Phraseology plays important psychological and cultural roles in language processing and social cohesiveness. The use of phraseology can be seen to contribute to clarity of expression and ease of comprehension in formal registers, and ease of linguistic composition in spontaneous speech. The use of phraseology contributes to a socially convergent style of speech or writing. Pawley (1985) points out that  «probably the large majority of customary institutions are denoted by phraseological expressions)) (101) egfront door/back door, go to church, leave school etc. Furthermore, considered reading reveals that native language users have a high degree of awareness of the stylistic potential of phraseology and sometimes of the problems it poses, even though of course they cannot generally explain what makes it salient or problematic: for example, literature: Do not for that singular interval, one moment, think that I have been overlooking this new Intoxicating Liquor Bill. I am arranging to have an amendment tabled because it appears that there is absolutely nothing else you can do with an amendment. (OBrien, 1990: 100) journalism: I found myself chatting in the train the other day to a distinguished-looking if somewhat pompous and long-winded man at one point he was adumbrating a theory about the future of Europe. I find it hard to lend credence to that, I said. You will find it impossible in a year or two, he murmured. [ j The expression will be illegal. He took it on himself to explain that the government department in which he works is planning to phase out all non-profit-making and unproductive phrases between now and 1992, and to make the English language streamlined and efficient.