Much ado about nothing presentation of women in the play

In the play the manner in which the characters Interact with one another Is to some degree reliant on class, anyway to a great extent subject to sex. A general topic in the play is that the male characters regularly consider the to be as liars â€Å"trust none† and nearly anticipate that them should cheat, bringing about numerous a Joke dependent on turning into a cuckold. The plot, ladies being criticized by naughtiness creators whose darling or spouse is persuaded she has been unfaithful to him can give us a thought of Shakespearean view (somebody who lived In a general public where ladies were accommodating to men) as he utilizes a comparative plot again in three additional plays including Othello.In Shakespearean parody there is consistently disarray, for this situation with numerous mix-ups, yet finishes with it being assembled back once more (at a wedding) strengthening that a cliché man ought to have a lady next to him. When taking a gander at the introduction of ladie s in the play, the two noteworthy female characters: Beatrice and Hero, seem, by all accounts, to be on the contrary side of the cliché range. Beatrice, conceivably the most charming character in the entire play, talks and acts with more than expected freedom.She Is novel as she have a mind, however gets a kick out of its utilization, introducing a test to all the beer characters. She carries on a long way from the common Elizabethan lady accentuated in ACTA scenes where because of Elongates wish for Beatrice to get hitched she broadcasts she won't be fitted with a spouse â€Å"till god make men of some other guts than earth. † In complete complexity, Hero doesn't accept Beatrice counsel to pause and â€Å"let him be an attractive fellow,† she Is totally accommodating to her dad and doesn't get the chance to react In the play.As the peruser can see, marriage Is a focal piece of the play and the manner in which the character's methodology marriage can give us a genuine understanding into the introduction of ladies. I have just referenced Beatrice discusses being â€Å"fitted† with a spouse, this is an idea which proposes that in the play marriage was viewed as the lady offering herself to the man. At the point when Beatrice maintains her adoration for Benedict he says that he will â€Å"stop her mouth† with a kiss, demonstrating a man hopes to nearly â€Å"tame† a lady and she Is required to be accommodating to him.The thought of a lady being totally accommodating to their significant other Is introduced when Hero and Ursula portray Beatrice â€Å"wild spirits† to be â€Å"caught† for Benedict. This recommends she is currently at Benedicts removal and has nearly become his pet. In spite of Beatrice inversion in her perspectives on marriage, she must be subdued to adjust to society. Legend be that as it may, who is portrayed as the model ladies in the play, is very glad to wed Claudio notwithstanding being  "wooed† by Don Pedro.This presents the socially acknowledged ladies as individuals who are practically appreciative to be seen by men and are very glad to consent to any proposition they may have. The difference among Hero and Beatrice features the impact of a predominant male in Elizabethan culture. Saint needs to comply with her dad who demands she get hitched. In any case, Beatrice doesn't have a dad present in Messing at that point and subsequently isn't feeling the squeeze to wed a man surrendering it over to her own discretion.This features how ladies are introduced as the item which fathers use to Increase the social standing reality all men that consider ladies to be objects. Claudio utilizes the analogy â€Å"rotten orange† to portray Hero. In the present society one would expect the orange would speak to her magnificence outwardly and the pleasantness of her character within. Nonetheless, as she was depicted as bad, within the orange for Claudio spoke to Hero' s virtuousness. This proposes the most significant thing for a man was a lady's marvel and purity not her character, fortifying the introduction of ladies as objects.As does the way that Don Pedro â€Å"wooed† Hero and afterward in the wake of prevailing upon Hero ignored her to Claudio as though it didn't make a difference that she has been deceived. Ladies as deceivers†Margaret Links to not having a dad Links to cuckolding , maybe giving us how it was an acknowledged thing for ladies to be nearly constrained by their dad and in any event, for them to direct to whom a ladies would get hitched to (as though the dad utilizes their girl of a method of expanding the social tanning of their family name).This is marginally unexpected as later in the play Beatrice herself is supposed to be â€Å"caught† for Benedict by Hero and Ursula after they contrasted her soul with a â€Å"haggard of the rock† and she chooses to tie their affection in a â€Å"holy band,â₠¬  both the getting of a creature and a band recommends that the marriage might be prohibitive and she will be â€Å"tamed† and trained by Benedict as Hero is by her father.Beatrice inversion comes from over hearing a discussion where she discovers that her mind appears not to be acknowledged â€Å"mock me into air. † She is compelled to liaise that it isn't the manner in which other ladies figure she ought to carry on and it doesn't pick up her notoriety â€Å"no greatness lives behind the rear of such† for acting in this manner.The tone â€Å"taming my wild heart† in which she talks in what might be called her discourse of inversion proposes that she comprehends this is the correct route for a ladies to carry on with her life and the very truth that she is thinking about marriage â€Å"holy band† even before it is affirmed that Benedict is entirely love with her recommends that for ladies in the play/around then it was their definitive objective to get hitched and all the dottiness about staying a lone ranger was a veil to conceal their actual sentiments thus the alleviation she feels when she discovers Benedicts love and conceivably clarifies why their trade at the covered ball was so searing and forceful, to cover (as a veil does) up their fundamental love and wish to be hitched like society (Leona and Antonio) recommends. In spite of beforehand saying that one could consume him at the â€Å"stake† and his perspectives would remain, Benedict rapidly changes heart to, â€Å"the world must be inhabited. Notwithstanding, Benedicts discourse is written in exposition and is matter of reality â€Å"l will be horrendously enamored with her. Dissimilar to Beatrice where it is progressively sentimental, demonstrating how ladies are introduced to be somewhat gentler sentimental people however it is the men â€Å"if I don't show compassion for her I am a villain† who are relied upon to take in the lady. All through the play we additionally get a feeling that the men consider the to be as double crossers â€Å"l won't do them an inappropriate to question any, I will do myself the option to trust none† and nearly anticipate that them should cheat, appeared by the way that rather than a cuckold being a recommending that it is to some degree sureness that a spouse will be unfaithful.When the jerk Don John, who is a self-purported â€Å"plain-managing villain† smears Hero, they re snappy to think of the arrangement to disrespect her before the entire gathering, not attempt to talk with her and see if the charges even have substance. The way that Don Pedro and even Claudio (who would wed Hero) very quickly has faith in Don John (somebody who conceded â€Å"you may think I love you not†) and even beginnings arranging his retribution (potentially indicating how the most significant factor for a man was a lady's modesty because of the extraordinary idea of his vengeance) on Hero sh ows that despite the fact that it was an unexpected it wasn't something which stunned the men and by consenting to go to the window at night gives us he impression that they are anticipating that the night should affirm what they have Just been told.The actuality that the Claudio rushes to engage the possibility that Hero has been unfaithful (foreshadowed in the gathering scene,) and men are so stressed over turning into a cuckold could originate from relationships not in any way, shape or form importance as much in contrast with what they mean today. All things considered, it was Don Pedro that really â€Å"wooed† Hero. This connects to the way that in spite of the fact that the men frequently consider the to be as backstabbers, the ladies (for this situation Hero) appear to need to endure the way that Hero was controlled by two men. Despite the fact that, Hero appeared to be glad about the entire thing (or must be affected by her dad) again further proposing that it was a l adies' objective to get hitched and it didn't especially make a difference who it was to, Don Pedro or in fact Claudio.This recommends that it was to some degree profession choice for a ladies thus why they may seem to get trained and this could likewise connection to why men are so stressed over being cuckolded in light of the fact that the pair chose to get hitched rapidly â€Å"marry her tonight† without really realizing each other truly well. Claudio depicts Hero as â€Å"a Jewel,† something which looks superb and is radar to discover, by utilizing a similitude and portraying her in this why recommends that Claudio may consider Hero to be an article to respect and have, instead of somebody to cherish. The way that when he is criticizing her at the wedding he portrays her as a â€Å"rotten orange,† you may believe that an orange would be utilized to depict her excellence outwardly and her pleasantness within albeit really within alludes to her virtue by and b y giving us that looks and purity are, according to men, more significant than personality.Although, because of how fast Claudio lives in the charges, another translation might be that Shakespeare made his characters stressed over others â€Å"the sovereign troubles for himself† misleading or selling out them regardless of what sexual orientation and are Just commonly vulnerable to being gotten out by an underhandedness creator indicated when Don John figures out how to persuade Claudio that he has heard Don Pedro â€Å"swear his affection† for Hero, this is a technique Shakespeare utilized for comedic purposes. During the play it becomes clear that a man puts an incredible de

BMG Inc Essay -- Music Industry Essays

BMG Inc The music business has encountered emotional stuns that will eventually change its structure. The changes have been started by new innovations and Internet use dispersing music as an advanced decent. The MP3 sound organization and the wide circulation arrange that has opened up by means of the Internet are driving changes in the recorded music showcase structure and, in this way, are all the while impactsly affecting the players in the customary recorded music esteem chain. Worldwide retail deals of recorded music dropped from $39.8Bn in 1996 to $38.5Bn in 1999 while the prevalence of computerized music has developed. This reflects computerized music’s new job as a â€Å"strategic necessity† of the music business. Clearly the computerized music design is setting down deep roots and, to be sure, is rapidly turning into the favored item decision of music clients. Our gathering will look at the inward and outer variables answerable for forming this new commercial center an d break down BMG’s jobs in the transition to dispersion of computerized music. Monetary Analysis BMG Entertainment, an auxiliary of Bertelsmann media, is a secretly held organization; in this way we can not contemplate its market execution. Anyway they do discharge fiscal summaries to people in general permitting industry execution to be estimated (See Figure 1). To gauge BMG’s money related wellbeing and benefit three tests were performed. These tests were additionally applied to the next significant players in the music business. A superb method to decide BMG’s money related wellbeing is a fast proportion, otherwise called the basic analysis proportion which was determined and contrasted with it rivals. The brisk proportion is determined by taking a firm’s current resources less stock separated by current liabilities; this permits you perceive how well the firm can take care of its obligations in a convenient issue. BMG, with a proportion of 2.39, just path Sony, and alongside Sony they are the main ones to have a proportion more than one, which means the other three firms have more obligation than money and money reciprocals. This is acceptable indication of budgetary wellbeing on the grounds that BMG has more than double the measure of fluid resources for spread its prompt obligations; not at all like its rivals who end up very short. The last two tests net overall revenue (net benefits over deals) and profit for resources (net benefit before charges over deals), measure firms gainfulness. Net overall revenue gauges how much benefit is generat... ...68 DEM 8,652  £1,143  £1,013 JPY 210,516 JPY 176,191 $6,971 $8,881 $8,769 $9,861 Stock DEM 1,278 DEM 1,569 JPY 16,274 JPY 12,918 $2,627 $2,555 $2,258 $2,182 Current Liabilities DEM 2,317 DEM 3,100  £2,255  £2,098 JPY 56,749 JPY 54,361 $4,709 $8,146 $9,070 $9,670 Net Profit DEM 1,122 DEM 910  £210  £132 JPY 36,264 JPY 31,863 $946 $686 $168 $1,960 Assessments DEM 520 DEM 845  £97  £72 JPY 9,038 JPY 3,929 $702 $343 $418 $1,540 Deals DEM 22,985 DEM 25,991  £3,309  £2,374 JPY 226,575 JPY 226,656 $9,474 $12,312 $26,244 $27,333 *note: Inventory level not accessible for EMI because of contrasts in British bookkeeping rehearses. All figures got from the united budgetary reports contained inside the guardians yearly report. Table 1: Financial Results for BMG BMG Inc Essay - Music Industry Essays BMG Inc The music business has encountered sensational stuns that will eventually change its structure. The changes have been started by new advancements and Internet use circulating music as a computerized decent. The MP3 sound arrangement and the wide appropriation organize that has opened up through the Internet are driving changes in the recorded music advertise structure and, along these lines, are at the same time impactsly affecting the players in the conventional recorded music esteem chain. Worldwide retail deals of recorded music dropped from $39.8Bn in 1996 to $38.5Bn in 1999 while the fame of advanced music has developed. This reflects computerized music’s new job as a â€Å"strategic necessity† of the music business. Clearly the computerized music position is setting down deep roots and, in fact, is rapidly turning into the favored item decision of music clients. Our gathering will look at the interior and outer elements liable for forming this new commercial cente r and dissect BMG’s jobs in the transition to conveyance of advanced music. Monetary Analysis BMG Entertainment, an auxiliary of Bertelsmann media, is a secretly held organization; in this way we can not examine its market execution. Anyway they do discharge fiscal reports to general society permitting industry execution to be estimated (See Figure 1). To quantify BMG’s monetary wellbeing and productivity three tests were performed. These tests were likewise applied to the next significant players in the music business. An amazing method to decide BMG’s budgetary wellbeing is a speedy proportion, otherwise called the basic analysis proportion which was determined and contrasted with it rivals. The speedy proportion is determined by taking a firm’s current resources less stock separated by current liabilities; this permits you perceive how well the firm can take care of its obligations in an auspicious issue. BMG, with a proportion of 2.39, just path Sony, and alongside Sony they are the main ones to have a proportion more than one, which means the other t hree firms have more obligation than money and money counterparts. This is acceptable indication of money related wellbeing in light of the fact that BMG has more than double the measure of fluid advantages for spread its prompt obligations; not at all like its rivals who end up very short. The last two tests net overall revenue (net benefits over deals) and profit for resources (net benefit before charges over deals), measure firms productivity. Net overall revenue gauges how much benefit is generat... ...68 DEM 8,652  £1,143  £1,013 JPY 210,516 JPY 176,191 $6,971 $8,881 $8,769 $9,861 Stock DEM 1,278 DEM 1,569 JPY 16,274 JPY 12,918 $2,627 $2,555 $2,258 $2,182 Current Liabilities DEM 2,317 DEM 3,100  £2,255  £2,098 JPY 56,749 JPY 54,361 $4,709 $8,146 $9,070 $9,670 Net Profit DEM 1,122 DEM 910  £210  £132 JPY 36,264 JPY 31,863 $946 $686 $168 $1,960 Expenses DEM 520 DEM 845  £97  £72 JPY 9,038 JPY 3,929 $702 $343 $418 $1,540 Deals DEM 22,985 DEM 25,991  £3,309  £2,374 JPY 226,575 JPY 226,656 $9,474 $12,312 $26,244 $27,333 *note: Inventory level not accessible for EMI because of contrasts in British bookkeeping rehearses. All figures acquired from the united money related reports contained inside the guardians yearly report. Table 1: Financial Results for BMG

Expository Essays Tips, Tricks and Topics

Expository Essays Tips, Tricks and Topics (1) Every student has to write an expository essay at least once in their educational career. These are actually fairly simple essays to write, but they do require some serious research skills. Like most academic essays, the expository essay requires formal writing with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Tips for Writing a Kick-Butt Essay Want to really impress your professor? Here are a few ways you can turn an ordinary essay into something that will blow their socks off. Focus on the Thesis Your thesis is the central point of the entire essay, so if it’s amazing, you’re off to a great start. Begin with this and make sure you decide on something that is impressive to kick off the essay. Listen to the Assignment Your professor may give you hints on what they’re looking for. If you just write down the basics of the assignment, you could miss out on some key points. For example, your professor may hint at a preferred topic or give tips that could result in a higher score. Write it all down and then analyze what is wanted before you write. Pre-write Long before you actually put pen to paper or fingers to keyboard to write the essay, you need to complete the pre-writing phase. This is where you do research and outline your essay. You’ll be amazed at how much better your writing is when you have these basic elements in place first. If you need help with these basic elements consider using an Expository Essay Template. Explain, Don’t Argue If you’re not careful, an expository essay can turn into a persuasive or argumentative essay. Focus on explaining the topic, rather than convincing people of something about it. Revise and Edit, Revise and Edit Going over the essay once to edit and polish isn’t really enough. If you’re tight on time, such as when writing an essay for an exam, just once will do. However, if you have time, it’s a good idea to edit immediately, then let the essay sit overnight or even longer. When you come back, you won’t be as close to the writing and can look at it more objectively. Choosing the Right Topic Topics for an expository essay vary widely, but ideally, you should select something you’re interested in writing about. Topics can answer a question such as “How can we prevent bullying in school?” or they can describe something like a historical building in your area. Other interesting topics to inspire you include: How does technology affect our relationships? How to treat a burn What are the must-haves for a freshman in college? How to handle anxiety attacks naturally How to train your dog to stop barking on command Research the history of a monument in your area Why roller skating is a great exercise As you can see, there’s no limit to the types of topics you can choose for your essay and it really comes down to what the professor assigns you and what you enjoy writing about. How narrow your topic is will also depend on how much you plan to write. An entire history of the Civil War won’t fit into two page, for example, so you’ll need to narrow it down to a specific battle or element of the Civil War. Writing an expository essay can actually be a fun experience if you approach it the right way. When you enjoy the topic and are interested in it, your essay will show that and will stand out from those written out of boredom. Finally, if you’re ever facing writer’s block for your college paper, consider WriteWell Essay Templates to help you get started. Referred to any sources in your work? Cite them in your paper in MLA format, APA format, and other styles with EasyBib citation tools!

The Battle Of Antietam By Robert E. Lee - 1046 Words

The Future of America, its citizens, and its enslaved people hinged on the outcome of the American Civil War. The Civil War was fought between the North (Union) and the south. The Battle of Antietam took place on September 17, 1862 near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and it was the bloodiest day in American history. Before the battle, the confederacy had a better chance of winning the war. Conflict arose between McClellan and Robert E. Lee which sparked the invasion of the north and the beginning of a long war. McPherson argued in his novel that the battle of Antietam was the turning point of the Civil War. In the beginning of the novel, McPherson informs the reader that it was not clear who would win the war. Both side had strengths and weaknesses that set the scene of the war. Before Antietam only the South thought the war was about slavery .The North simply was fighting to â€Å"preserve the Union†, not to abolish slavery. The war was described as, â€Å"A war to destroy slaver y and to reshape the South in the Northern free-soil image† (McPherson 14-15). Since the north did not have slavery, the south wanted to keep it. The south was close to being recognized by England and France, â€Å"The South’s principal foreign-policy goals were European intervention to break the blockade and diplomatic recognition of the Confederacy as a nation† (McPherson 35). Southerners believed in cotton to compile British and French Intervention. The textile industry was the leading sector in the British andShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Antietam By Robert E. Lee1412 Words   |  6 PagesThe Battle of Antietam was battled on September 17, 1862. Union armed force led by General George B. McClellan battled against the Confederate Army led by General Robert E. Lee. The fight was battled along the Antietam Creek close Sharpsburg, Maryland. The union armed force lost more than twelve thousand men, while the confederate armed force lost around ten thousand men. General Robert E. Lee barely got away thrashing this fight and the absence of men cause him and his armed force to withdrawRead MoreTaking a Look at Abraham Lincoln833 Words   |  3 PagesRegular Infantry. He was also a general in the Civil War. Even though Anderson’s illness put him in charge, Sherman’s apparently unreasonable requests for more men and supplies led to his removal. He redeemed himself with his courageous action at the Battle of Shiloh earning him the rank of major general. His act of bravery helped Lincoln win the war. â€Æ' Jefferson Davis Named after Thomas Jefferson, the President of the Confederate States of America, Davis was born February 19th, 1809, in Todd CountyRead MoreRobert E Lee: A True American Hero Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican History; Robert Edward Lee. Robert Edward Lee was a general in the American Civil War. 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Before looking into things that happened during the Civil War, it is important to know the causes of the war, two causes are their different lifestyle and sectionalism. The first problem was that the North and South hadRead MoreThe Battle Of Antietam And The Civil War876 Words   |  4 Pagessentence perfectly represents the Battle of Antietam as a turning point in the Civil War and its effect on America decades later. The small step was one man s step on the moon just like the Battle of Antietam was just another battle during the Civil War, but they were short and impactful events that revolutionized their fields. America s advances in science and technology would not be the same without that one step on the moon. 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Shopping The Pros And Cons Of Online Shopping - 724 Words

As the fast growth of technology, people prefer online shopping more than shopping in the physical store. A lot of surveys show us there’s a great increase in online shopping. For people to choose to shop online, pros should be more valuable than cons in their beliefs. The most attractive advantages of online shopping include: Purchase with almost anytime; receive a lot of information at the same time; without the expense of renting the physical store and hiring employees, the price may be cheaper; to marketing economy, this new mode of shopping can lead to a more efficient resource using; online shopping benefits in shorting time and space resources. It’s a business occurs in virtual. The largest online shopping day in China is†¦show more content†¦The price of the product is so low that many people go to the physical store to do window shopping and buy the product online. Communication dissatisfaction might occur in online shopping, and more patient is the way to satisfy the shoppers. Face-to-face communication is always a quicker and better way to solve the problem. There are some disadvantages of online shopping: Shoppers can’t guarantee the product is the same as the picture that show on the website; It’s difficult for shoppers to distinguish the legality of the websites; Customers sometimes can’t find the server to solve their problem. Although people can buy products with a really low price on Taobao, no one can guarantee the product to be real, and that’s the biggest problem for online shopping. Countries legislate laws to avoid customers purchase fake products; online shopping flatforms such like Taobao also set rules for customers to supervise the online store. For the legality of online shopping websites, Chinese people usually shop on Taobao so that they don’t get cheated on the fake websites, and this makes Taobao a gigantic flatform and it’s like a monopoly. People shop on Taobao and the stores get franchised to put their products on Taobao. Online store save their expense of hiring people, but it also cause the problem of no one responding online. Customers may have some questions of the product, and it’s easy to solve this problem in physical store, but online store sometimesShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Online Shopping Vs. Traditional Shopping866 Words   |  4 Pages Shopping is when a person referred to as a customer, browses through a selection of goods and or services with the intent to purchase an option that best suits them. Shopping is one of the most common habits of today’s society and is done both for leisure and economical purposes. Traditionally, one would do their shopping at a store, but with all the technological advancements that we’ve had over the years, our manners have been shifting toward the use of the Internet as more consumers turnRead Morepros and cons of online shopping1770 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluating Arguments in Article Analysis Article 1 : Benefits Of Shopping Online Question 1 The issue that is being discussed is about the benefits of online shopping . The article is written on 7th February 2009 by Mansi Citranshi . Today , the world is already at the tip of our fingers . We can do so many things by using internet .Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce where buyers can directly buy goods or services from a seller over the internet service . We can choose a varietyRead MoreWhy Are Ebates Is A Reward Program?1247 Words   |  5 Pagesand over the course of a year can add up to a hefty sum. Shopping Ebates. Ebates is a reward program that will return a percentage of your total online shopping bill to you if you enter the store s online site through an Ebates link. Pros: Ebates is a reputable company that actually sends you checks for your shopping experience. There is a plethora of stores to choose from, including almost every large chain in America including online giants like eBay and Amazon. The cash back rewards typicallyRead MorePlaying Fields Between Offline And Online Stores1271 Words   |  6 Pagesoffline and online stores uneven? For example: Are you the type to window shop in real stores but buy in virtual stores? Online shopping has largely influenced consumers for over 30 years. However during its inception, many consumers still preferred to travel to a physical store location to purchase products as they were unsure about this new method of shopping but as time passed, more people jumped on the bandwagon and soon it became mainstream. The question now though, is that are the shopping fieldsRead MoreHome plus Essay813 Words   |  4 Pagesfocus heavily on online retail in addition to investing in technology in a way that helps it differentiate itself and achieve that competitive edge for sustainable growth. Alternatives 1. Online Channel Pros Increase in the number of smartphones users in Korea as a result of which they have come to value online shopping a lot (an increase of 205% from 2005 to 2011) for the ease of use and convenience that it offers. Homeplus needs to tap into this market by setting up a robust online channel whereRead MoreEssay on Grocery Gateway1372 Words   |  6 Pagespresident of industrial engineering and operations systems, must provide recommendations for improving and optimizing the delivery operations. Situation Analysis Background Grocery Gateway, founded in 1997 by Bill Nardo, is Canada’s largest direct online grocer and provides its services to residents of the Greater Toronto area (GTA). 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Are there any situations where it is inappropriate for a company to establish an e-commerce site? Be prepared to defend your answers to your peers. There are many advantages and disadvantages of using the internet as a distribution channel. First, while the internet makes it easy for customers to look for information about a product, read reviews, and form a general idea about what to buy and whereRead MoreEssay on E-Shopping837 Words   |  4 Pages E-Shopping Online shopping has impacted the economic, political and cultural development of the financial markets and the economy. Many consumers have been using the World Wide Web in order to purchase items. The computer technology has allowed consumers to use the internet to their convenience to shop. Online shopping has impacted the United States economy greatly. The impacts of online shopping have been advantageous as well as disadvantageous. The beneficial impacts of online shopping areRead MoreOnline Shopping Is More Effective Than Conventional Shopping1673 Words   |  7 Pageswith work, and as a mom, I m a big fan of online shopping† - Kirsty Gallacher Online shopping had gone into business as early as 1992. The number of people that used online shopping had gone up when people started to gain ownership of personal computers. In 2007, 875 million people had at least made one online purchase that year. It continued to grow after that it had been recorded that 9 percent of the United States had been purchasing items online. With the creation of the World Wide Web and

Coca Cola in India Business Communications Free Essays

Sanjiv Gupta, President and CEO of Coca Cola in India, is facing a crisis concerning pesticide levels in coke in the country of India. The Center for Science and Environment (CSE), an activist group in India focused on environmental sustainability issues issued a press release stating: â€Å"12 major cold drink brands sold in and around Delhi contain a deadly cocktail of pesticide residues† (Argenti, p. 284). We will write a custom essay sample on Coca Cola in India: Business Communications or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recommendations for Coke’s communications strategies include accepting and adhering to higher standards of social responsibility in India and forming an alliance with the government to set these higher safer standards. Coca Cola should choose to emerge and set itself apart from its biggest competitor, Pepsi, by accepting a more socially responsible. In order to accomplish this, Coke can align itself with the CSE goals for an environmentally safe and industrialized India. Coke should recognize the enormous reputational benefits that could come from such a partnership in correcting the pollution problem in India. Taking on social responsibilities has a number of positive outcomes for corporate leaders. Once the world community learns of Coke’s environmentally responsible goal in India, the company will project a positive interest in India and to the rest of the world (Argenti, p. 65 ). The people of India have shown that they want a company that is concerned about their health, welfare, and environment as â€Å"sales down over 30-40%1 in only two weeks on the heels of a 75% five-year growth trajectory and 25-30%2 year-to-date growth† (Argenti, p. 285 ) A positive reputation can help companies weather crises more effective (Argenti, p. 91) The next step would be for Coke to enhance its relationship with the government. Companies have begun to realize that instead of fighting regulation, it should advocate its position to political decision makers (Argenti, p. 238). Businesses use a number of tactics to further the position of their business with the influential group of economic decision makers (Adams Brock, 1986). With the influence in the government, Coke can be involved with the developing of the new standards the government has demanded. Strong government relations are important in India (in any country) and will provide an opportunity to communicate all the benefits and investments Coke has provided to the economy in India including almost 7000 jobs. By working with the government to set standards and clean up pollution, Coke will have influence of the government. Influence over the government has proven to be a benefit for business (Irin, 2010). When business has an â€Å"influence in government, unless you’re right there to limit it, it can intrude in just about any industry,† In conclusion, leaders of successful organizations with a consistent in their message and image has ensured everyone involved of an initiative or change, what it is intended to achieve, as well as the route that will be taken is going to continue to be successful (Clutterbuck 2001). A company with an international image and reputation is going to weather this crisis. They can also take a socially responsible approach, and lead change in India. This will distinguish the corporation from its competitors, and as Proverbs tells us, â€Å"defend the rights of the poor and needy† (Proverbs 31:9). A constituent is someone who is on the receiving end of a message, in the words of Aristotle â€Å"person †¦ to whom the end or object of the speech refers† (1975). The key constituents are those that are receiving the message of the communication. In this case, the constituency would be the government of India and the Coke-drinking public, particularly those in India. The message will be sent out all over the world that Coca Cola aided in the environment of India. With use of the internet, messages of companies reach the far corners of the world within a matter of minutes (Argenti, p. 172). Biblical Integration: God wants us to help our fellow brother, not to ignore them. The Bible tells us â€Å"Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; maintain the rights of the poor and oppressed. Rescue the weak and needy; deliver them from the hand of the wicked. † Psalm 82:3-4 How to cite Coca Cola in India: Business Communications, Papers

Digital Marketing Involving Areas

Question: Describe about An analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing for the chosen organisation. This should include areas like promotion, distribution, service provision, new product development and so on !!!the organisation selected is NIKE !!! Answer: Introduction Nike runs several different forms of digital marketing involving areas such as social networking, television advertisement and paid online advertisements to reach its wide customer base. This customer base spans across 6 continents and the company utilise up to 44,000 employees worldwide to conduct their operations.[1] Their use of professional athletes is particularly effective as it provides prominent role models that consumers idolise, therefore solidifying Nike products are a top-tier sports ware brand. They have a variety of successful social media campaigns promoting their products, one of which is the highly successful Find your Greatness campaign which collected over five million views, nine thousand likes and one thousand comments.[2] This advertisement reached a huge global audience which is an incredible form of advertisement as the product reaches a large proportion of its target audience due to the filter systems created for ads on social platforms. This provides their p roducts with a high effectiveness in their advertisement as adverts reach primarily the audience that they would appeal to. This is further reinforced in the distribution figures of Nike, which show that their direct sales provide a higher margin than sales to wholesalers. This means that the direct marketing campaigns that Nike employ are highly successful as they sell more units themselves, than through wholesale companies [3] . The present report analyses the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike. Analysis of the different areas of application of digital marketing on Nike Nikes research and development department is also hugely successful as they develop new products in their RD department, but then test them through a variety of means, the primary being using groups of sports personalities and journalists to test their products in a controlled setting, this actually provides them with a basis for prototype marketing as commonly their shoes receive a large amount of attention before they are even released. [4] This is incredibly useful as in the necessary process of testing their new products, they are also reducing the costs of their final marketing campaign for their products which is a solid business strategy. They then make their services apparent to their customer base by advertising their products with local sports stars to increase the relatability of their advertisement for the consumer, subsequently increasing the likelihood of adverts being successful and their campaign being more cost effective. An example of this would be their use of loca l star Marco Bresciano in Australia to provide a relevant focus of their advertisement to the Australian public. [5] The end goal of Nike is to make sure that people buy their products and not from other brands. For accomplishing the goal, the company has made a good choice to diverge from the traditional advertising and emphasize on digital marketing. The brand has taken up an appropriate step in that big investment has been made in social media, that includes Facebook and Twitter and Nike+, the companys own social network. The demand is that by owing the data and providing services to the customers, there is a desirable increase in the brand loyalty. Livestrong campaign is a good example of how the company uses mobile to involve consumers in marketing campaigns. Nike had the interactive campaign Fuel Your Team using the Nike+ social platform having more than six million members[6]. Nikes digital media approaches have been determined by changes in the means consumers can interact with the brands. There is the underlying realization that digital technologies have changed internal processes in companies apart from consumer-facing processes. For accompanying the shift towards rise of digital media, the brand has built multiple social sites and launched a presence in social platform dominating specific geographies. Nike has strengthened their brand over Instagram as using arty videos and carefully shot photographs is benefitting the brand image. Nike has branched into many departments as it has witnessed much growth. The aspect where Nike excels in Twitter is that their interaction with the followers is strong and it provides an effective platform to get advice and responses from the consumers that make them feel special. Nike has the longest and largest standing following on Facebook. It is the purposeful utilization of social media where community build up is poss ible among the consumers. Such community is the forum for discussing new ideas and opinions on how to bring advancements in the brand image. The venture division Digital Sport is a thought process from global strategy comprehending requirements of digital strategy. Getting close to consumers data means Nike holds promise for being one of the worlds biggest sports companies. It has the foundation for getting the best answers to the opportunities for engaging with the consumers and getting feedback from their products. The bold move implies that Nike can follow close the customers and the users and forge a long-term association and strong relation[7]. Nike has understood that the purchase of a product from the company is not the end of marketing cycle. It is rather the beginning of the opportunity to offer a varied variety of serves and products tailored for individual needs. What Nike is executing is really the way famous brands must do for marketing themselves to the consumers in the present era of high competitive market. Digital marketing is being used to answer questions of the consumers, raise awareness and allow consumers to share the results. Nike has achieved a large amount of brand exposure from the excellent digital marketing, especially through social media[8]. However there have been several issues with their marketing campaigns such as; A mismatch between product offering and customer needs, apparent with their Nike Free Run mens running shoes as they were more comfortable when walking than running. This mismatch could reduce their marketing success as shoes could become known as ineffective at their role and therefore their unit sales would drop as consumer confidence would be reduced in the produce. Another issue which could cause Nike the same problem is that their product quality on Nike Air shoes was reported to be low, further reducing consumer confidence due to this being a large safety concern. Finally there has been an issue of the Nike website not entertaining a customers query, since the point of service is not a Nike store but a Wal-Mart. This would cause a loss of sales as retailers that are not invested in Nike products would not have employees possess the required knowledge to advise customers on which shoes would best suit their needs and therefore some consumers may be put off by this and seek other competetors products that they can collect more information on before they make their purchase. This is damaging to the company as it would cause a loss of sales due to its outsourcing of sales and the lower number of own branded shops which could provide consumers with more targeted information, making their previous marketing campaigns more effective as units would subsequently actually be sold. [2] Conclusion In conclusion the social media marketing campaigns of Nike are highly effective in reaching their target audiences, however improvements need to be made in the testing of new products to ensure marketing can surround the strengths of the product and the product can meet standard, furtherly their points of sale need to be improved to ensure that products that have been successfully advertised can then be sold to the consumers. Bibliography 1 - https://www.nikebiz.com/crreport/content/workers-and-factories/3-11-0-interactive-map.php?cat=map 2 - https://www.slideshare.net/ojasvipat/final-digital-marketing-at-nike 3 - https://marketrealist.com/2014/12/nikes-distribution-channels-products-reach-customers/ 4 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-4.html 5 - https://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/nike-developing-nike-free/Page-6.html 6 - https://www.intelligenthq.com/social-media-business/nike-takes-digital-data-and-social-media-marketing-seriously/ 7 - https://digitalfireflymarketing.com/how-nike-killing-it-social-media-marketing 8 - https://linkhumans.com/case-study/nike

Language in Montessori free essay sample

The Montessori classroom uses the phonics approach to teach reading. Outline the graded phonics sequence and state the reading skills required at each stage. â€Å"Language lies at the root of that transformation of the environment that we call civilization. † (source 3) Language is the ability to understand speech and a desire to convey one’s feelings and thoughts. It is through communication that human beings are able to cooperate with each other to solve common problems. It is through communication based on written and oral language in particular that each generation has passed on its accumulating wisdom to the next. Language, we may say, grow with human thought†. (source 4). Language is the ability to understand speech and a desire to convey one’s feelings and thoughts. It is part of the human tendencies to want to communicate with others. Montessori said, ‘To talk is the nature of man’. Humans needed language in order to communicate, and soon, the powers that come with the language revealed. We will write a custom essay sample on Language in Montessori or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The evolution of the human language began when communication was done through pictograms and drawings. By reading I mean the interpretation of an idea by means of graphics or a symbol†¦A child does not read until he receives ideas from the written word† ( source 5 ) It then developed into ideograms when pictures began to turn into symbols. Later, these symbols became words, words involved letters, vowels emerged, and one symbol came to represent one sound. Language differentiates a community from one another but at time it also unites and binds human beings of different races together through a common language. The sensitive period for language occurs from birth to six years old. This sensibility is transitory and once gone it will never return. The language explosive happenings and eruptions in his powers of expressions continue in the child well after the age of two. After two and a half years old, which marks the borderline of man’s mental formation, begins a new period in organizing the language and this continues to develop without explosion, learn many new words and perfects his sentence formation. At six years old, a child has learnt to speak correctly according to the rules of his mother tongue. Reading and writing go hand in hand. Montessori observed that young children often have â€Å"an explosion into writing† and because of their early sensorial awareness, writing comes before actual reading. Through the sensorial exercises the child has preparation to handle the pencil and the sensitivity of touch develops through the tactile exercises and the eye is trained for developing eye-hand coordination . This indirect preparation for writing is achieved by the development and refinement of the senses of touch, sight and sound. (Source1) Language skills are encouraged through a phonics curriculum. Children learn the sounds of letters then match objects to the letters and eventually use a movable alphabet to form simple words. This is the beginning of the reading stage. It is an important tool of culture, and as such, children need to be given the correct introduction to all aspects of language from a very early age. It is important for the child to read with comprehension and write with correct grammar, spelling and vocabulary. There are exercises that prepare the child’s hand to use writing tools, while his mind is being given information he may record. Language is an empowering skill in the Montessori setting. The role of the directress is pivotal and she can induce the child to reach high levels of verbal and written expression. â€Å"In every exercise when the child has recognized the differences between the qualities of the objects, the teacher fixes the idea of this quality with a word. † ( source 5) Language is spread through the Montessori curriculum . It is used in Sensorial, Practical life and Math lessons. The sensitive period for language is the longest because we are never finished learning new vocabulary. The social graces are taught through the use of language: the child learns to be polite and communicate through verbal expression. Language gives the child a sense of meaningful existence. â€Å"The mind and the hand are prepared separately for written language and follow different roads to the same goal†. ( source 5 ) Phonics based materials lead children through a natural progression of writing and reading skills. The development of language is an umbrella for the entire Montessori curriculum. Language is divided into three areas: Speaking, Writing and Reading. Speech develops naturally in a child . From 2 to 6 years of age ,the child is at his sensitive period for language and is said to have an â€Å"absorbent mind†. While the child retains many of the sounds he/ she hear, the information is stored randomly in different places in the mind. Typically around the age of 2 ? , an explosion of actual speech and language in the child’s mother tongue takes place. â€Å"Phonetic â€Å"means by sound and the Montessori reading program is based on the sounds associated with the letters of the alphabet. The child moves progressively from single sound of single letters (e. â€Å"s†) to more complicated sound of a group or combination of letters which are called â€Å"phonograms† . A phonetic word is a word that the child can read by pronouncing the sound of each letter the way he was taught using the sandpaper letters. Dr Montessori on sandpaper letters : â€Å" This process forms the first preparation ,not only for wri ting ,but also for reading ,because it is evident that when the child touches the letters he performs movement corresponding to the writing of them,and,at the same time, when he recognizes them by sight he is reading the alphabet. (Source 2) The sandpaper letters provides the child a three –fold impression by seeing, touching and hearing the sound of the letters. The repetition of this exercise fixes the path of each of the letters in the child’s muscular memory, which prepares the child for hand writing at a later stage. After the letter sounds and shapes with the sandpaper letter, the Movable Alphabets is the next exercise for the child to learn about words. The set contains 155 movable alphabets, 10 pieces of each vowel in blue and 5 pieces of each consonant in red. It enables the child to build words and simple sentences. The Movable Alphabets will work together with the pink, blue and green schemes. Objects and toys represent three letter words, such as bed, lid, pan. The teacher sounds out the words slowly so the child can hear the sound- b†¦e†¦d. The child selects the letter for the first sound. Then the child selects the letter for the second and then the third sound. When the child is confident at word building, the child is introduced to the pink boxes. The first box has objects and corresponding three letter phonic word cards. They progress to pictures and word cards. The child can move on to longer words and sentences. The first level in the reading scheme is called the â€Å"Pink Scheme†, representing reading of phonetic words with three letters or less. The next level is â€Å"Blue Scheme†, representing reading of phonetic words with four or more letters. The last level is â€Å"Green Scheme†, representing reading of words with phonograms. Pink Scheme: A child will learn the basic sounds of the 26 alphabets through the sandpaper letters. After which, he/ she will learn how to blend 2 to 3 lettered phonetically sounded words together , e. . ‘cat’, ‘mat’, ‘dog’, ‘pup’. The child will also be introduced to sight words like ‘the’ , ‘a’, . Upon mastering the above type of words ,he/she will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting 3 lettered phonetic words. The Large Movable Alphabets (LMA) will be used to build words through blending in dividual sounds together. This will help a child in his/her spelling skills. Blue Scheme: Children having mastered the words in the pink scheme will move on to this stage whereby they will blend 4, 5 and 6 lettered phonetically sounded words together. Words like ‘rock’ will be introduced. Upon mastering the above type of words , children will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting 4 , 5 ,or 6 lettered phonetically sounded words. They will continue to work with the LMA as they continue to build words through blending individual sounds together . Simple grammar like â€Å"Singular ‘ and â€Å"Plural’ are also introduced at the end of the blue scheme. Green Scheme: This is the final stage of the Montessori English curriculum. Children at this stage are introduced to phonograms, e. g ‘oo’, ’ee’, ‘ie’ etc. Phonograms are words formed by 2 vowels. Words like ‘rain’ , ‘train’, ’book’ etc are words that a child will get to learn . Upon mastering the above type of words ,the child will proceed on to reading sentences and booklets consisting phonograms. They will now work with the Small Movable Alphabet (SMA) as they build words through blending phonograms with other phonetically sounded letters together. Comprehension, composition, grammar and vocabulary will be introduced at the end of this scheme. The insets are the first direct preparation for handwriting in a Montessori classroom. They are the most important materials for establishing basic habits in handwriting that the child will retain for the rest of his life. â€Å"Metal insets teach the child how to organize the movement of writing, which brings him to the management of the pen† (source 2) Prior to introducing the insets, extensive indirect preparation for handwriting is done through practical life materials and sensorial materials to establish order, concentration, coordination and independence in a child. In particular, the fine motor muscles developed through the three-finger grasp exercises, prepare the child for success in handwriting. The left to right, and top to bottom sequencing of materials patterned the writing directionality. Other than indirectly prepare for handwriting, the sensorial materials like knobbed cylinders and knobs on geometric cabinets insets also reinforced the three –finger grasp required for grasping the pencil. The lightness of touch and the relaxed movement of the wrist is introduced with the tactile boards and the tactile tablets. An indirect preparation for writing begins with Practical Life Exercises, which are presented to the children when they enter the Montessori classroom ideally at age three. The purpose of these exercises is not to learn the particular skill involved, although this accomplishment undoubtedly will aid the self confidence and independence of the children. The direct preparation of writing begins with the use of sandpaper letters as a form of kinesthetic practice. At the same time, the muscular movement needed for writing is refined by the use of thumb and index finger to grasp tiny knobs . Control of a pencil is developed by tracing of frames with the insets. The children’s introduction to the phonemic awareness is through the â€Å"I Spy† game. A few miniature objects are placed in front of the children . The teacher will say,’I spy with my little brown eye something that begins with the sound ‘b’. This game allows us to determine that the child can isolate initial sounds indicating a developmental readiness for learning letters. The sounds of the alphabet are introduced to the child using the sandpaper letters. The child feels the shape of the letter sees it and hears the sound simultaneously. The first set includes the letters s, b, n, t, c, and a. The teacher selects three letters for the first lesson. We give what we call a three period lesson that reflects different levels of understanding. First period: ‘This letter makes the sound ‘buh’-child traces and repeats the sound. The teacher follows the same for the rest of the letters. Second period: All three letters are placed in front of the child . Which letter says the sound ‘buh’? When the child can successfully recognize each letter, the teacher will move to the next step. Third period: The three letters are placed in front of the child. The teacher asks â€Å"What sound does this make†? and the child produces the corresponding letter sound. The three period lessons are used in the review and the introduction of a new material. The Montessori reading material is classified into the Pink scheme, the Blue scheme, and the Green scheme. The aim of the Pink scheme is to give the child a variety of work of the same style to maintain her interest. The Blue scheme is the same format of materials that give the child lots of practice reading phonetic words. While the Green scheme is where reading fluency really begins. It includes silent letters. â€Å"In brief, writing helps a child’s physiologically and reading helps him socially† (source5) The activities in the language area help us understand and appreciate the world.

Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection

Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection Introduction The world is a host to many different types of people with different backgrounds and holding different cultural views. Therefore, it necessitates formulation of rules and regulations, which are intended to help these individuals to conduct them in a way that will maketheir life simpler and sober (Kerwin Scott, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is done by establishing administrative policies. As such, administrative policies are those rules created in an organization aimed at guiding the company’s overall performance and as such, the company ensure that the organization archive its targeted milestone. These rules are usually made by the organization officials to help the subordinate or the outside world to perform as required. As usual, these rules always restrict the performance of a person. As such, rules give guidance to a person, that is, to act according to the main goal of an institution or country. The notion of the rules leads to easy operation and quick achievement of the goal (Kerwin Scott, 2010). Thesis Statement The purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between a bureaucratic or an administrative policy and a legal or ethical dilemma, strategy or innovation. Discussion The difference in perception of people concerning the rules creates a dilemma whereby, one is unable to choose from the set rules concerning what course of action he should take in order to have the same performance. The confusion created makes the goal unrealizable. Moreover, these dilemmas delay the performance of an organization. In order to achieve any set goal, some strategies have to be established in an effort towards ensuring that, everyone in the organization is informed and that every employee abides to the statute (Trimble, 2011). The generated strategies need to be known by everyone. T his in turn will ensure that, focus on the set goals is shifted from in individual point of view to a group point of view. The ethical dilemma brought about by the administrative policies tends to make people to act against their will which may bring contravene of oneself. This is a great challenge, which an organization needs to address in an effort towards bringing everyone on board into a consensus regarding matter pertaining to his or her performance (Trimble, 2011).Advertising Looking for case study on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As to comprehend the relationship between the set rules and the dilemma, which result from their perceptions, it is necessary that one focus on the Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection. Chesapeake Bay is a bay in North America. It is greatly spread in areas around Virginia. Due to the favorable environment around the Bay, the area is highly inhabited (Ferrier , Jenkins, 2009). The approximated number of people who live on the banks of the Bay is about 4.7 million people, this, therefore pose as a great risk since it is likely that the people living there will destroy the not only the immediate environment but also the water in the ocean. Therefore, the government had to create rules and regulations to control the activities that were to take place in this region (Ferrier Jenkins, 2009). The prevention of water pollution was made possible through a rule that controlled the amount of pollutants discharged into the ocean by the players in the manufacturing industry. (Thomas Copeland, 2008) conducted a research and it followed that, according to their findings, the pollutant pose as a great risk to the aquatic plants and animals. As such, the pollutants affected the water such that it could be used neither for domestic purposes nor for leisure. The erosion from the lands, which used nitrogen and phosphorous manures, were directly affectin g the appearance of the ocean because it accelerated the growth of the aquatic plants, which eventually died due to excessive growth, that is, they grew in such a way that, they competed for the available nutrients and therefore most of them died (Thomas Copeland, 2008). The deposition of the dead plant materials on the surface of the water acted as barriers to the penetration of sunlight into the water. Sunlight being a necessity for the survival of plants and the animals, the reduced intensity has a negative impact to the ecosystem in the ocean (Thomas Copeland, 2008). The government passed a rule such that, for a person to discharge the pollutant into the Bay’s waters, one should obtain a permit. This regulation can be said to cause an ethical dilemma whereby, it leaves the people around this area without an idea on where or how to get rid of the waste products from the factories or even how to deal with the issue of fertilizer. The tremendous development within the area around the bay has caused great change of the landscape. The construction of buildings, as well as leveling off the ground to build roads has resulted to large mass of sediments being carried into the ocean by water (Thomas Copeland, 2008). Consequently, this lowers the water level or the ocean bed. This therefore has fatal ending as the life of those aquatic animals, which cannot survive in shallow waters, are placed in jeopardy.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Chesapeake Bay Environment Protection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This indeed proves that there a great risk in the world loosing it indigenous aquatic animal species, particularly, the rare fish. From all this observation, the government had to come up with rules to restrict or control the methods of building and construction. As usual, the dilemma involved here is that, people have to build specific type of houses as directed by the government but not according to his desire. The environmental protection agency decided to set rules and regulation, which were to be followed by people residing within the countries surrounding the Bay. As such, these rules were designed for the governments and from that point, the governments would then impose them on its citizens. In fact, these rules were drafted and gazzeted incorporating the views and the contributions from the inhabitants. To elaborate this, each country’s residents were given chance to say what they thought could be the best rules. They were encouraged to find those views that were beneficial to them and at the same time, help in conserving the environment (Galloway, 2002). It became mandatory that the oil and gas companies or investors within the energy sector had to obtain a permit from this organization. The licensing body had to inspect the proposed sites and as such, they ensured that these energy firms are situated in the right place. Further, it required the firms to install waste disposal pipes so that, the water system was not interfered with. Consequently, this initiative gave rise to the development of the Energy policy act, which helped in ensuring that the rule is strictly followed. The plans, which are made by the environmental protection agency, are very positive and as such, they aim at helping the actions towards conservation of the environment. The organization aims at helping the farmers around the Bay to produce or to plant crops, which are of short seasoned and hence avoid bare land seasons. This will help to reduce soil erosion and assist greatly in mitigating the death of aquatic animals. The EPA also aims at providing a report on an annual basis concerning the ocean toxicities (Galloway, 2002). This will in turn create awareness to the residents in regard to the risk they are posing unconsciously. Moreover, it assists in helping individuals recognize the progress of their intended goal that is, reducing toxicities o f the water. Since this is a public issue, they also have to strictly deal with those individuals, who have a tendency of going against the set rules. Consequently, this measure provides a lesson to those who might be holding such motives.Advertising Looking for case study on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organizations is also aiming at teaching the people on the importance of clean water and inform them on the risk cropping up when people neglect their environment. This will make the residents to join hands in fighting against pollution and instead conserve the Chesapeake Bay. They will achieve this through collaborating with investors and the government in order to reach many people (Galloway, 2002). The regulations established by the environment protection agency may appear unfavorable to everyone and as such, this serve as a dilemma as some people perceive the rules as cornering them and therefore, they tend not to abide to them. Therefore, the organization need to hold training workshops in order to assist such people in understanding what people are doing and the objective of the project concerning the conservation of the environment. The agreement created between; the environment protection agency, the countries around the Chesapeake Bay, and the people leaving around thos e areas has an influence on the people’s ethics. The reason for this is that, it has helped people understand the benefit of the environment and therefore, making them to development an attitude of responsibility. Concerning their countries of residence, the agreement makes them to develop a concern in regard to their surrounding and hence they come to realize that, reduced economic growth is a consequent of destroyed environment. Still, they come to understand that it takes a great deal of time and resources in an effort towards rejuvenate a destroyed place (Galloway, 2002). Conclusion To conclude this discussion, the environment entails very vital resource Individuals ought to ensure that the environment is maintained in its original state. This is because, when one element of our surrounding is affected, it follows that very many elements are affected too, either directly or indirectly. Water being the main source of life, there is great need to ensure that we do not exhau st or infect the water resource. Having seen some of the causes of water pollution people need to reduce the use of manure in their farms, to always plant crops to prevent sediments being carried to the water catchment areas of which otherwise could pose as a great risks to aquatic animals. Let us preserve the environment since it is a non-renewable resource. References Ferrier, R. C., Jenkins, A. (2009). Handbook of Catchment Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Galloway, J. (2002). Optimizing nitrogen management in food and energy production. London, UK: Taylor Francis, Kerwin, C.M., Scott, R. F. (2010). Rule Making: How Government Agencies Write Law and Make Policy. (4th ed.). Washington D.C: Congressional Quarterly Press. Thomas, S.V., Copeland, C. (2008). Water pollution issues and developments. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Publishers Trimble, D.C. (2011). Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Congressional Testimony. Collingdale, PA: DIANE Publishing

The Economy, Monetary Policy and Monopolies Essay

The Economy, Monetary Policy and Monopolies - Essay Example For instance, in 2007 the interest rate was recorded to be approximately 5% which decreased to below 1% by the end of 2009. Since then, till the current phase of the economic conditions prevailing within United States the interest rates has been recorded below 0.5% which shows further decline in the country’s financial market (US Department of the Treasury, 2012). Inflation Rates Fig.2: US Inflation Rates 2002-2012 (US Inflation Calculator, 2012) The inflation rates of the United States which was recorded as 4.1% during the year 2007 which further declined to 0.1% by the year 2008. However, it augmented to an average of 2% within the period of 2009 to 2012. This indicates that in terms of inflation rates the economy is regaining its stability performing almost similarly as during the period prior to 2007 (US Inflation Calculator, 2012). Unemployment Rates Fig.3: US Unemployment Rates 2007-2012 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012) In relation to the above represented statist ics, it can be observed that United States witnessed an unemployment rate between 4-5% during 2007-2008. This further augmented to above 8% by 2012. This indicates that the economy had been witnessing a continuous de-gradation of its employment situation in the labor market over the past five years (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). 2. Propose two (2) strategies that the federal government could implement that would encourage people to spend more money in order to create employment opportunities. Financial Leverage Financial leverage can be considered as one of the effective sets of practices in which the Return on Equity (RoE) is increased through the escalating rate of debt amounts. With this concern, the federal government of the U.S. should be focused on magnifying the amount of RoE even in situations when debt amounts tend to be increasing. Therefore, the financial strategy of the federal government should consider the investable assets related to the amount of equity as it would promote financial growth (Financial Literacy and Education Commission, 2011). Financial Decision Making and Financial Literacy Strategies related to the augmentation of financial literacy and effective decision making process would further provide competent direction in relation to financial education, policy, research, practice as well as coordination among the stakeholders, investors and other financial institutions. Moreover, effective forms of financial education and decision making process would offer the benefits of evaluating the risk of interest rates and provide an effective way to trim down the debt amounts (Financial Literacy and Education Commission, 2011). 3. Identify a situation in the past 50 years in which the government used antitrust policies to stop a monopoly from occurring. Include the circumstances of the proposed monopoly and the reason the government stepped in. Predict what would have occurred had the monopoly succeeded. Various antitrust policies h ave been implemented by the US government over the past decades to prohibit unhealthy competition in terms of monopoly within its national business environment. One of such Act can be identified as the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984 (15 U.S.C. Â § Â § 4301-05). The reason behind implementing this act can be

Nursing Research Paper - Leukemia Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing - Leukemia - Research Paper Example Introduction The word leukemia is derived from the Greek words leukos and aima, which stand for ‘white blood.’ Leukemia is a form of blood and bone marrow cancer and it points to an abnormal production and multiplication of white blood cells (leukocytes) in a person’s body. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and they divide to form new body cells according to the requirements of the body (there is the dying of old cells and new cells have to replace them). In a person suffering from leukemia, the DNA of immature white blood cells somehow becomes damaged and they grow and divide chaotically. The old cells do not die and there is rapid division of body cells – more and more cells are produced in the body taking up more and more space and cancer problem arises. Simply put, the bad cells in the blood crowd out the good cells (Nordqvist, 2009). History of Leukemia Ancient Greeks discovered leukemia way back in the 4th or 5th century BC. However, John Hu ghes Benett officially diagnosed it in Edinburgh in the year 1845. In the 19th century, some physicians from Europe further realized that a number of of their patients were suffering from peculiarly high white blood cells levels. They termed this condition 'weisses blut', meaning â€Å"white blood†. In the year 1913, leukemia was categorized into four types namely acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia (Erythroleukemia) and chronic myelogenous leukemia. Further, in the year 1970, it was proven that there was cure for leukemia, and by 1980s and 1990s, roughly 70% of patients suffering from leukemia had been cured. This brought high hopes to all patients suffering from leukemia globally. For ages, people have been fighting with cancer, the only difference being that they were not aware of the details of what they were battling (Johnson, 2011). Treatment options Just like the information concerning leukemia has changed with time, the treatment options available for the patients have also changed. The earliest treatment option administered to leukemia patients was arsenic. Generally known in the West as a poison, arsenic has been used to treat leukemia and such conditions as psoriasis and syphilis in traditional Chinese medicine for almost two thousand years. It has been proven to have a considerable anti-cancer effect for leukemia although the mechanism for this effect has remained unknown till recently when scientists in China found out that it targets proteins which contribute to cancer cells’ growth (Edwards, 2010). Healthandnutritiontips.net (2011) records that arsenic is still used in the treatment of some types of leukemia and that it has proved very successful. In the early 20th century, radiation therapy replaced arsenic (Johnson, 2011). Scientists found out that exposure to radiation decreases the cancerous tumors on patients in size. Radiation is still a very common and a very effective treatme nt option for leukemia, as well as other cancer types. However, it has several side effects that a patient needs to take into consideration (Healthandnutritiontips.net, 2011). Other modern/recent treatment options for leukemia include biological therapy or immunotherapy, chemotherapy surgery and bone marrow transplants. Biological therapy/immunotherapy has to do with treatment

Disobeying The Rule Of The Father In Buried Child English Literature Essay

Disobeying The Rule Of The Father In Buried Child English Literature Essay The time of Sophocles dramatizing Oedipus and Antigone has passed and a great many changes has happened to the stage, but since there are things that have no end with the passage of time we still can find traces of myths in our modern drama that are beautifully adapted to our modern era. Sam Shepards family play Buried Child depicts a retelling of many mythic stories from the myth of Oedipus to the Egyptian myth of Osiris. In this essay a mythic light is shed on the stage of Shepards masterpiece. The rules of the family structure are shattered and broken down, especially this is portrayed through the mother-and-son coupling. As Claude Là ©vi-Strauss mentions the incest taboo is a way of obtaining a wife from some man outside his own hereditary line. Something that Tilden is unwilling to do, and because of that he returns to his family home. When Dodge says he is too old to live with his parents, Tilden replies I didnt know where else to go. Levi-Strauss believes marriage is a relationship between two no-relative men to exchange women, something that Tilden has done with his father, the exchanged woman being Halie. So like a classical play the structures have been destroyed and as a result chaos has come. Some critics see the setting of the house as a microcosm of a kingdom. Dodge has become a parody of the patriarch, with his baseball cap crown, sofa throne, and blanket mantle, over which the younger generations fight. His sons battle weakly, having lost their promise and seeming almost as debilitated as their father. (161) in this kingdom of men, all are struggling for dominating the sofa, i.e. Dodges place. His place on the sofa represents the patriarchy or Jacques Lacans Father. He tries to keep his authority in the family, while his sons especially Bradley fight in order to posses it. Bradley, Dodges next son, tries to dominate his father by cutting Dodges hair, but is displaced in turn by Vince, who throws away Bradleys false leg (indicative of Bradleys own impotence) and takes Dodges place on the sofa, which Bradley had tried to inhabit. Each of Bradleys attempts to dominate end in failure with him whimpering for aid. Dodge wills Vince his house, land, and furnishings, disinher iting his own sons in preference for a grandson he hardly knows, and one assumes this can only be a decision based on spite. (161) Bradleys attempts to own the sofa seems ironic, since it seems that Dodge as a father figure has castrated his phallic ego and he is just striving in vain to prove his masculinity. We can inter it when Dodge says to Halie You tell Bradley that if he shows up here with those clippers, Ill separate him from manhood! This happens when Shelley and then Vince steal away his wooden leg from him. Dodge, as the father of the family is the authoritative power and tries to sustain his power; among his offspring Tilden has violated his rules by sexually substitute the fathers place and Bradley is the one who tries to dismantle the father, (he cuts his hair while he is sleeping with wounding his scalp, and wants to posses his sofa and blanket) but it is Vince who is in obedience of Dodge, and because of that Dodge announces him as his successor. Like the myth of Oedipus this family is cursed with an incestuous secret. Tilden talks about his disappeared baby. And the audience just near the end of the play discovers that Tildens missing childs mother has been presumably Halie: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦we were a well-established family once. Well-established. All the boys were grown. The farm was producing enough milk to fill Lake Michigan twice over. Me and Halie here were pointed toward what looked like the middle part of our life. Everything was settled with us. All we had to do was ride it out. Then Halie got pregnant again. Out the middle of nowhere, she got pregnant. We werent playing on havin any more boys. We had enough boys already. In fact, we hadnt been sleepin in the same bed for about six years. (109) The image of their golden years of the past, a well-established family having a productive, fruitful farm is in contrast with the present situation of the family whose lands had not produced crops anymore. That is what happened in the myth of Oedipus whom after killing his father, marrying his mother, Jocasta, and becoming the king of Thebes, is confronted by a plague of infertility that strikes the city of Thebes; crops no longer grow to harvest and women do not bear children. Instead of hanging herself like Jocasta, Halie tries to keep the incestuous sin hidden; she spends most of her time upstairs looking at the family albums and pictures, representing that she is reluctant to realize the present reality, and instead keeps locking herself in the nostalgia of well-established past memories. While Dodge is talking about this secret, Halie claims to go upstairs, but Dodge stops her: Where are you going?! Upstairs?! Youll just be listenin to it upstairs! You go outside, youll be listenin to it outside. Contrary to Halie, Dodge never goes upstairs or even outside, and he even prevents Tilden to go outside too. Upstairs and the family pictures symbolize Dodges consciousness and his conscience, since he is the one that drowned the child. His disinclination to talk about the past is pictured when e.g. Shelley inquires about the baby in the pictures, Dodge refuses to answer, and even in his habit of watching TV instead of facing people and talking to them. Also Dodges drinking is a classic reaction to guilt, as a person attempts to obliterate the memory of his or her past with alcohol. (Abboston 161) As Susan Abboston writes There is an implication that the child may have been the result of an incestuous relationship between Ansel and Halie, who seems to have idolized her youngest son. She fondly recalls how he kissed her, and how she was devastated by his marriage to another, after which he soon died. It is more likely, however, that the father was Tilden, who was so solicitous of the child while it lived, and talks of having lost a son. (Abboston 161) Talking about his son, Tilden uses a plural pronoun We had a baby. Little baby. Could pick it up with one hand. Put it in the other. So small that nobody could find it. Just disappeared. We had no service. No hymn. Nobody came. On the part of Ansel, some critics doubt his existence thinking he may be Halies creation to help her deal with all that has happened. If we take Tilden as an Oedipal character he does not end like Oedipus, but if according to other critics we take Ansel, the youngest son of Dodge and Halie as the childs fa ther, we see that he has already been sacrificed as he has died in a motel room. Not only is the child buried, but also all the characters try to bury themselves too. This family constantly argues over minor things to avoid having to face their own failures and complicities. The number of times characters cover themselves or each other with blankets, coats, or corn husks symbolizes the extent to which all are complicit in hiding from the truth, and each other. This is a family so buried in guilt they have lost the power to communicate even on a daily basis. (Abboston 163) Dodge and Bradley try to cover themselves under the blanket, Tilden hides outdoors among the crops and Halie is hidden upstairs, Things keep happening while youre upstairs, ya know. The world doesnt stop just because youre upstairs. Corn keeps growing. Rain keeps raining. There are many hints that the house is the world of the dead. At the beginning of the play Dodge asks Halie Are we still in the land of the living?(13) Even Dodge considers himself dead when he talks about Halie as Theres life in the old girl yet! Vince gets aware of this world of the dead, and decides to stay in his grandfathers house to renew it. His return to the house after six years also shows the importance of family as peoples root. He realizes that he is connected to this family, that his identity is intricately bound to the bones of this family, notably the male bones. (Hall 102) his looking in the mirror also reminds us of Lacans mirror stage, since he recognizes he is in need of this family in order to have an identity. While looking in the mirror, Vince has discovered an even better device with which to gain a sense of self, complete, whole, and historical through the patriarchal line. The dissolution at the end, however, presents a threat, and it brings Vince back to his home and informs his decision to remain he will stop the dissolution by taking Dodges place, by making the choice that will perpetuate the patriarchy. He has discovered his masculine mission. (Hall 102) In act three, we see bright sun and no sound of rain the suns uncovering from the clouds foregrounds the baby sons uncovering from the earth. Tildens earlier entrances with crops reflect on his final entrance with the corpse: all connect to suggest fertility and progress. Darkness and rain are replaced by bright sun; the rain, having created new growth, suggests that death can be replaced by new life. (Abboston 163) and this is an echo of the myth of Osiris. In the myth of Osiris, often linked to the ritualized death of the corn king, the king dies to return the land to life with his sacrifice-so Dodge, the family patriarch, dies, and the new blood, Vince, inherits the land. (Abboston 164) So that like a Dionysus myth we see death and mingle together, by Dodges death and Vinces authority we confront a restoration, regeneration and renewal. The sun, which has brought out the crops, is echoed by the son Tilden carries in his arms at the close. If the buried child has been the source of the family curse, then its exhumation may signify the end of that curse and an expiation of the sins of the previous generation. The dead son whom the family has avoided and denied has been brought to light and faced, and the murderer, Dodge, has died, allowing the living son, Vince, to take charge with a clean slate. (164)

The Gospels of Mathew and Mark Essay -- Religion Bible

The Gospel of Mathew and Mark are centralized on Jesus Christ. According to the two gospels Jesus Christ essential teaching is seen throughout the bible in parables, that explains the kingdom of God and how we must not stray away from it and that we must put our overall faith into Jesus to save us from our sins. Jesus also teaches that we must love our neighbors as we love ourselves. Secondary principals are also seen through both gospels by his teaching of how to better ourselves as a person overall and having un-doubtful faith into God. The overall teachings of Jesus I believe are coherent through the different parables he teaches with each central theme mostly involving how to better oneself or to put overall faith into God. The teachings of Jesus are seen through the bibles not directly but by different parables. These different parables help people understand what his teaching defines in their own way. The parable of the Merchant Man Seeking Good Pearls explains about the kingdom of God. In the parable Jesus explains â€Å"The Kingdom of Heaven is like a merchant looking for fine pearls, when he found one of great value, he went away and sold everything he had and bought it† . What this explains is that a person should not care about worldly possessions. Examples of this can be money, cars, clothes, or social status instead they should focus more on their faith. The pearl in the parable represents our faith into Jesus Christ and the kingdom of heaven. The pearl is considered high of value because it is our faith in God that is most important. The parable of the Weed is an explanation of the Kingdom of God and the explanation of how the good and righteousness can only enter Gods kingdom, and the evil which is represented by ... ...porate them into their everyday lives. Works Cited (13 Mathew. 45-46 The Bible New International Version) (13 Mathew. 30 The Bible New International Version) (13 Mathew. 29 The Bible New International Version) (13 Mathew. 32The Bible New International Version) (22 Mathew. 4 The Bible New International Version) (22 Mathew. 5 The Bible New International Version) (16 Mathew. 6 The Bible New International Version) (9 Mathew. 21 The Bible New International Version) (5 Mathew. 28 The Bible New International Version) (5 Mathew. 32 The Bible New International Version) (5 Mathew. 44 The Bible New International Version) (5 Mathew. 39 The Bible New International Version) (6 Mathew. 1 The Bible New International Version) (6 Mathew. 6 The Bible New International Version) (7 Mathew. 5 The Bible New International Version)

Conquering Arayat Essay

Thesis Statement: Conquering the town of Arayat is more than just trekking the mighty â€Å"Bunduk Alaya† but also discovering their fascinating history, savoring their tasty cuisine, celebrating their unique festivities and most of all learning more about their interesting people. I. A number of historians have proposed varied explanations regarding the etymology of the name â€Å"Arayat†. a. Some people believe that Arayat originated from Fernando de Arayat. b. Another historian argues that it came from the Kapampangan word â€Å"Dayatan†. c. A different account states it rooted from â€Å"Alaya† another Kapamangan term. d. A present-day researcher claims it obtained its name from the biblical Mt. Ararat. II. The fusses faced by the present day Arayat rooted from its controversial history. a. The origin of Arayat is still unknown but historical accounts show that it already existed between 1335 and 1380. b. The people of Arayat showed abhorrence to the coming of the Spaniards and other invaders. c. Arayat gained notoriety when it became the hotbed of many rebellious groups after the colonial war. 1. The prominent HUKBALAHAP movement stayed at the town till it faded at early 1950’s. 2. Following the Huks, HMB was established to fight against the US-sponsored Philippine government. 3. The said to be sons of HMB, NPA still continues to reside at the town. III. Arayat’s culture is a unique blend of its history, geography, customs and traditions. a. The Legend of Mt. Arayat is one of the well-known literatures in the town and in Pampanga. b. When it comes to architecture, Arayat exhibits classic and exemplary designs of its illustrious parish church and memorable national park. c. From the trees of Mt. Arayat, the towns boast of their high quality wood competent for global exportation. d. Its unique halo-halo by Kabigting’s is what makes Arayat a cut above the rest when it comes to Kapampangan desserts. e. Arayat’s major celebration is the feast day of its patroness, St. Catherine of Alexandria, every 25th of November. f. 90% of Arayat’s population is dominated by the devotees of the Roman Catholic religion. IV. The town of Arayat is not second-rate when it comes to its tourist attractions. a. The most outstanding landmark of Pampanga stands at the heart of Arayat. b. The Mount Arayat National Park offers a historical yet contemporary vacation experience. c. St. Catherine of Alexandria is the 7th oldest parish in Pampanga. d. The Cong. Dadong Dam was built to supply water to seven towns of Pampanga. V. Arayat is a home to several infamous revolutionary personalities, national government officials and Armed Forces of the Philippines generals. CONQUERING ARAYAT Demographics The town of Arayat lies in the northern tip of Pampanga, and is surrounded on the northwest by Magalang, on the northeast by Cabiao (in Nueva Ecija), on the east by Candaba, on the south by Sta. Ana, and on the west by Mexico. Its total land area is 17,694 hectares with a population of 118,312; less than one fourth is forested. Only 19 kilometers away from San Fernando, the capital town of Pampanga, Arayat is about an hour drive from Manila. The town is the biggest in northern Pampanga, It is composed of 30 barangays/barrios namely: Arenas, Baliti, Batasan, Buensuceso, Camba (Kaledian), Candating, Cupang, Gatiawin, Guemasan, La Paz (Turu), Lacmit, Laquios, Mangga-Cacutud, Mapalad, Matamo, Palinlang, Paralaya, Plazang Luma, Poblacion, San Agustin Norte, San Agustin Sur, San Antonio, San Jose ( Mesulo), San Juan ( Bano), San Mateo, San Nicolas, San Roque (Bitas), Sto. Nino (Tabuan), Suklayin, and Telapayong, not to mention subdivisions that sprout outside the town proper among which are: Fidela, Guemasan, San Nicolas, Aliwalas, Castillo (Bitas), and Leonor Subdivisions. Arayat is generally a plain or a level land, except the areas where Mt. Arayat stands and its vicinities, with a type I climate and two distinct seasons: dry and wet. The rainy or wet season normally starts in May and runs through October, while the dry season is from November through March of the following year. The Origin of the Name â€Å"Arayat† Some researches state that the name â€Å"Arayat† is derived from the name of Spanish encomiendero, Fernando de Arayat, who was first administrator of the town and who most likely came from a village in Spain called Arayat. Eventually another particular historian allegedly claims that it was the natives who coined the original vernacular name â€Å"Dayat† from their word â€Å"dayatan† literally meaning â€Å"irrigated seed bed†. Nonetheless, a particular researcher argues that Arayat was earlier known as â€Å"Alaya† meaning â€Å"east†. Mount Arayat was then called â€Å"Bunduc Alaya† or â€Å"Eastern Mountain†. The same source states that the Spaniards subsequently made up the word â€Å"Arayat† . However, on a different approach, a contemporary researcher proposes that Mount Arayat is the biblical â€Å"Mount Ararat† where Noah’s Ark apparently landed. But the same researcher does not say how the current name evolved; nor does he explain how come there is another Mount Ararat in the Middle East. Pre-Colonial History The accurate date of the founding of Arayat cannot be determined. However, between 1335 and 1380, historical accounts confirm that it was among the few Pampanga towns already existing. It was allegedly founded by either Prince Balagtas, a monarch of the Madjapahit Empire who came to Luzon, or his son Araw (Lord) Malangsic. It was then called â€Å"Bayan ning Pambuit† and situated in the barrio of Panlinlang. The present Poblacion was still a jungle with balugas (aetas) and other pagan tribes as residents. It was a widespread encomienda consisting of the town as it is known now. At that time, it was an extensive encomienda consisting of the town (present Arayat), and parts of Magalang, Sta. Ana, Candaba, San Miguel de Mayumo (in Suclayin) and Cabiao (in Nueva Ecija). It the present, it is cited in the northern part of Pampanga. It is bounded by the towns of Magalang on the northwest, Cabiao on the northeast, Candaba on the east, Sta. Ana on the south and Mexico on the west, with a total area of 17,694 hectares. The town of Arayat is the biggest in Northern Pampanga Colonial History By 1571, Arayat had emerged as one of the prosperous settlements in Pampanga. But by 1590 when the first Augustinian mission was established in the town by Fray Juan de Valderama, its population numbered only 100. This can be explained by the fact that many young men had been conscripted into the military service to help the Spaniards contain rebellions and defend the country against foreign invaders like the Dutch, the British and the Chinese. As early as 1660, there existed in Arayat a Spanish military for which figured well in the local revolts. Truly, Arayateà ±ous shared the Pampango’s reputation for bravery. The town bred such revolutionary personalities as Generals Jose Alejandrino, Mamerto Natividad, Benito Natividad and Ananias Diokno. Arayat was once the hideout of insurrectos. Hacienda Alejandrino in Panlinglang and Arenas (then called Baliti) was in fact attacked and destroyed because the insurrectos were known to be holding out there. Post Colonial History After the last group of invaders (the Japanese) left the province particularly the town of Arayat, it remained a nest to rebellious groups like the HUKBALAHAP (Hukbo Laban sa mga Hapon). In the late 1940’s Arayat gained unsavory reputation for being the breeding ground of HUKBALAHAP rebellious movements. At that time, Mount Arayat was often the scene of many military attacks. By early 1950’s the Huk rebellion reached its pinnacle and then diminished and disappeared gradually. This markee the formation of a new revolutionary army the HMB (Hukbong Mapagpalayang Bayan or People’s Liberation Army). HMB directed its fight against the newly established US-sponsored Philippine puppet republic. The thick forests of Mount Arayat and its hard terrain gave these rebellious groups advantages to lure the military away from tracking them. These characteristics of the mountain kept these rebellious groups secured and tenable. During the Marcos regime, a new vigilant group emerged, the NPA (New People’s Army) and even up to this time still growing in terms of numbers of members. At present there are still HMB’s and NPA’s residing in the town of Arayat. People there regard HMB’s as â€Å"matwa† meaning â€Å"older† men and the NPA’s as â€Å"anac† meaning â€Å"younger† men. The reason behind this is that the NPA is believed to be the younger generation of the HMB. It would be usual for people living in Arayat to see these rebels wandering around town. They learned to share their beloved town to these people. According to some of the people there when it comes to dealing with these rebels, â€Å"if you do not bother them, they will not bother you as well†. Literature Legend of Mt. Arayat (Sinukuan) There are various legends about the mystical Maria Sinukuan and the mighty Mt. Arayat. Here is one version popular in the town of Arayat: Long Ago, before the invaders came, the mountain of Arayat was alleged to be inhabited by an enthralled woman who was believed to be the fairy god mother of the townspeople. This lady is popularly known as Mariang Sinukuan. Her naturally curled black hair reaches down to her ankles. Her nose is finely chiseled and her eyes are framed with long, black lashes. Her lips were well-formed, her eyebrows were arched and her skin was flawlessly brown. But Mariang Sinukuan was not only known for her physical beauty. She possessed a kind and charitable heart because she always helped those who were in need. It was said that Mt. Arayat was flourished in all kinds of fruit trees. Aside from the fruit trees, it was said that animals of all kinds once rambled this mountain. The eccentric thing about these fruit trees and animals was that the fruit trees bore unusually big fruits all year round and the animals were owned by no other than Mariang Sinukuan. She used to distribute these fruit trees and animals to the deprived. Poor families often woke up to see fruits and animals for their needs at their doorsteps. They knew it was Mariang Sinukuan who left these foods while they were sleeping. the natives were very thankful to be graced by the enchanting goddess. And to show their appreciation and reverence, they never tried to go to her dwelling place in the mountain. The people considered her abode as a sanctified place. But such was not always the case. There came a time when the inhabitants were no longer satisfied with what the captivated lady left at their doorsteps. They wanted to get more. One time, some young men decided to go up Mt. Arayat. They wanted to get more of Mariang Sinukuan’s fruits and animals. They started for the mountain early at dawn. They reached the base of the mountain at sunrise. There were guavas bigger than their fists that drooped from the trees. Pomegranate branches almost reached to the ground because of the many and big fruits they bore. Ripe mangoes were just within one’s reach. Fowls of every kind were abundant. Pigs, goats and other animals wandered around. The young men were still viewing this marvel of nature when from nowhere came Mariang Sinukuan. They were impressed by her radiance. They could not find any words to say to her. It was Mariang Sinukuan who first spoke to them. She welcomed them and said that they could eat as much as they want but they shouldn’t take anything home without her knowledge. After recovering from their astonishment, the young men began to pick up fruits. They ate and ate until they could not eat anymore. Afterwards, one of the men encouraged the others to pick some fruits and fill the sack that he brought. But the other man said that they shouldn’t do that because the lady already warned them. However, the man insisted on getting some more fruits, he said that they’re plentiful and the lady won’t know the difference. And so the young men started to fill their sacks with as many fruits and animals as they could get hold of. Then they started for home. As they were about to begin their descent they felt their sacks becoming heavier. They didn’t mind this, but they had not gone ten steps farther when they felt that their load was pulling them down. Putting the sacks down, how surprised the young men were to find that the fruits and animals had become big stones. They remembered Mariang Sinukuan’s warning. The young men became horribly terrified. Leaving their sacks behind, they ran as fast as their feet could carry them. But before they reached the base of the mountain, they saw someone blocking their way. It was Mariang Sinukuan who was very mad. Because of the covetousness of the young men, Mariang Sinukuan punished them. With the wave of her wand, she changed the young men into swine. This was not the last time that people tried to get hold of Mariang Sinukuan’s fruits and animals. Again and again they tried to steal them. At last, fed up with the people’s greediness, Mariang Sinukuan stopped leaving food at their doorsteps. She caused the fruit trees and animals in the mountain to fade away. She no longer showed herself to the people for she was dismayed with their materialism. Architecture St. Catherine of Alexandria Parish Church Found in Arayat, St. Catherine of Alexandria Parish Church is the seventh oldest Church in Pampanga. This Church was built in the Spanish era in honor of St. Catherine of Alexandria. The Church, measuring 70 meters long, 16 meters wide and 12 meters high, is known for its classical architecture. The presbytery, ceiling and the main altar have been recently renovated. The original stone facade has been covered with cement and painted white. Mt. Arayat National Park Situated at the base of the well-known Mount Arayat is the Mount Arayat National Park, a major tourist attraction not only in Pampanga, but whole Luzon. It is noted for its swimming pools, refreshing surroundings and its cool water falling from its waterfalls. This Park was originally a project of Dona Aurora A. Quezon, wife of the late Manuel L. Quezon of the Philippine Commonwealth, and has been developed into its present state during the post war era. Arayat Institute Arayat Institute is one of the oldest schools that offers complete general secondary course and is recognized by the government. Together with new Berline High School these two public high schools are subsidized by the government, on the other hand, Mangga-Cacutud and Camba Public High Schools, schools cater mostly from barrio youth. All baranggays have their own elementary school. Agriculture and Woodcraft Arayat croplands cover 7,716.49 hectares or about 60% of the total area. It can be also said that it falls within the category of those with traditional industrial structures as reflected by its lands use, agriculture has the widest area, followed by forest land, swamp and marshed land. Rice and sugarcane are the main staple products of the town, followed by corn, mongo, watermelons, turnips, peanuts, camote and different kinds of vegetables. Fresh fish are abundant in its rivers and swampy areas. The forest land of Mount Arayat is the source of firewood, charcoal and the famous â€Å"Teak† wood used in furniture making. Cuisine It is not only having the most prominent landmark of Pampanga (Mt. Arayat) situated in its lands that the town of Arayat is proud of, it also boasts of having the best halo-halo in the country – Kabigting’s Halo Halo. It is not your usual halo-halo for it has caramel made from carabao’s milk, cream of corn and beans cooked for a day to acquire a sweet taste. So how did this pride of Arayat came to be? Sometime in 1970 gave rise to this famous delicacy when Geraldine Kabigting suggested to his brother Jacinto Kabigting to add an interesting flavor to the established and traditional tropical fruit flavors of halo-halo and so they added the caramel, cream of corn and beans. Susan and Johnny Medina who just reside near the Kabigting’s Residence have tasted the newly discovered exotic flavor of halo-halo. Subsequently days after the first taste-test, the group of Travel Time with Susan visited Kabigting’s Residence to savor and introduce their halo-halo on air. Kabigting’s Halo-halo was made popular through that documentary story from Travel Time. Unexpectedly, foreigners and tourists began to go and dine in the place. Ordinary people from the community, known politicians (Tessie Aquino-Oreta, Lilia Pineda, Dong Gonzales, Monz Laus, etc.) artists (Chesca Garcia, Angel Aquino, etc.) media people (ABS-CBD Crew, Jessica Soho, etc.) and even former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo personally went there to taste their infamous halo-halo. They also serve special pancit palabok. Kabigting’s residence served as the place to order Kabigting’s Halo-halo which is located at Paralaya, Arayat, Pampanga. It has branches also at Robinson’s San Fernando and Marquee Mall. Festivals Arayat is all the luckier in the facade of recent destructive natural calamities such as the 1990 Killer Earthquake and June 1991 Mt. Pinatubo Eruption, it being phenomenally spared of major damages in lives and properties. The town is blessed to have as its Patroness, St. Catherine of Alexandria, in whose affectionate concern and fortification, brings harmony and serenity among the people reign, despite the diffident livelihood of the people and their diverse political and ideological persuasions and viewpoints, not to mention social differences. By her compassionate intervention, Arayat remains to be on the forefront in so far as tranquility and progress are concerned. The feast day of St. Catherine of Alexandria is celebrated every 25th of November. In line with this, 25 other fiestas in small baranggays of Arayat are celebrated in honor of Santa Catalina (St. Catherine of Alexandria). Religion As with the rest of the town of Pampanga, Roman Catholic remains the dominant religion in Arayat, numbering for more than 90% of the entire population. Iglesia ni Cristo is second followed by the Aglipayan Church, Seventh Day Adventist, Rizalists, Jehovah’s Witnesses and Methodist. The people of Arayat, although pre-occupied with different problems, are not negligent in their religious obligations. The Catholics are keeping pace with the demand for more religious facilities and services. The town’s old catholic church, St. Catherine Parish, which was built in the Spanish era, was the object of the recent major renovations through the collective efforts of mandated organizations. And due to demands of religious services to barangay northwest of the Pampanga River and to bring such services more accessible to people, the St, Isidore Parish (Camba) was established by the Archdiocese of San Fernando. The religion that catches our attention the most is the Rizalist. Like Mt. Banahaw, Arayat too has a mystical side for it is in her foothills that Rizalist gathers every December to honor the national hero in quiet ceremonies. The cult was brought about by Mariang Sinukuan, the female incarnation of Rizal. This religion negates the concept that Rizal is the reincarnation of Christ because they believe that Christ does not exist. For them, Rizal is God himself, the Alpha and the Omega, the Kristong Kayumanggi and the savior of the Philippines. There may be many different names but He is only one. Famous Sites MT. ARAYAT The most popular landmark of not only the town of Arayat but as well as the whole province of Pampanga is the majestic Arayat Mountain or also known as â€Å"Bunduk Alaya†. Mount Arayat is an extinct volcano on Luzon Island, Philippines, rising to a height of 1,026 m (3,366 ft) ASL. There is no recorded eruption of the volcano, and its last activity probably dates to the Holocene era. One academic report indicates activity within the last 2000 years, but it is believed that this refers to the volcano’s geothermal activity. Mount Arayat is equally recognized as â€Å"Mount Sinukuan†, entitled after the renowned Goddess and charmed lady, Maria Sinukuan. It has three peaks, the two highest of which the Northern Peak with 1086 meters altitude and the Southern Peak with 984 meters height. Fluttering at the foot of Mt. Arayat is the well-known Pampanga River. One does not have to mount its summit to see its natural beauty, for it is centrally located in the region, so that one will without doubt, take pleasure in its magnificence as he travel along national highways of Central Luzon. MOUNT ARAYAT NATIONAL PARK Located at the base of the highly recognized Mount Arayat is the Mount Arayat National Park, a primary tourist attraction not only in Pampanga, but the whole Luzon. It is noted for its swimming pools, natural, revitalizing and lush surroundings and its cool water cascading from its waterfalls. This park initially a project of Doà ±a Aurora A. Quezon, wife of the late Manuel L. Quezon of the Philippine Commonwealth, has been refurbished into its present state during the post war era after it has been shattered in the course of the World War II. It was established on June 27, 1933 to save and preserve the flora and fauna blossoming therein. The 3,564 feet high mountain at Baà ±o, Arayat is an perfect spot for outdoor activities with its picturesque vicinity under cool shades of fertile green trees, mountain wind, natural falls and two standard sized-swimming pools, recreational halls and picnic huts. The former President Quezon and his wife fell in love with the place when they visited their medical officer, Dr. Egmidio Cruz, a native of Arayat. He really liked the cool breeze of the serene and calm town. He immediately bought farms which later named Caledian & Suclayin, after his properties in his native Tayabas which bore the same names. During the summer he brought other government officials and foreign visitors to Arayat. Eventually he had several improvements done in the town. He was responsible for the concreting of roads, building of a bridge linking Arayat and Cabiao, as well as the development of recreational facilities at the base of Mount Arayat, with the construction of a swimming pool, dressing headquarters and a nursery. The project was discontinued when the World War II broke out, but resumed afterwards under the supervision of local officials and civil-spirited citizens. It now bears the name Mount Arayat National Park. ST. CATHERINE PARISH CHURCH The people of Arayat, although preoccupied with economic difficulties are not negligent in their religious obligations. The Catholics are keeping pace with the demand for more religious facilities and services. The town old Catholic church, St. Catherine Parish, which was built in the Spanish era, was the object of the recent major renovations vis-à  -vis the church proper, the convent and the church patio, through the collective efforts of mandated organizations. The church was built in honor of the Patroness of the town, St. Catherine of Alexandria who brings tender concern and safety and preserves serenity and tranquility among the people of Arayat, despite wide-ranging political and ideological points of view and beliefs, not to mention social differences. By her compassionate intervention, Arayat continues to be on the forefront in so far as harmony and advancement are concerned. Santa Catalina de Alexandria (St. Catherine of Alexandria) is the 7th oldest parish in Pampanga built in 1590. CONG. DADONG DAM The P3.4-billion Cong. Dadong Dam, also known as DELTA to the natives was designed to irrigate 10,270 hectares of farms in seven eastern towns of Pampanga. Recently, there are controversies that emerged regarding the discontinued use of the well-recognized dam. FAMOUS PEOPLE Like other towns in Pampanga, Arayat has bred some prominent and outstanding national figures from the Spanish era to the present. Noteworthy to mention are: Generals Jose Alejandrino, who is a contemporary of Jose Rizal, Mamerto Natividad, his brother Banito, Ananias Diokno, and Dr. Egmidio Cruz, the medical officer of foremer President Manuel Quezon and his wife Former executive secretary and Ambassador Amelito R. Mutuc and Press Secretary Leoncio R. Parungao, both of the Macapagal administration, also came from Arayat. Not to mention military figures that made their marks in the high echelon of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, namely: Commodore Lodogovildo L. Gantioqui of the Philippine Nave, Col. (Ret.) Vicente A. Pascual, former Deputy Judge Advocate General, Major General Rene R. Cruz, former RaCom V. Commander and PC-INP Deputy Commander for Administration. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. Arayat Map, JPG, http://www.batch2006.com/visit_porac.htm. [ 3 ]. Holy Angel Univeristy Center for Kapampangan Studies, History of Arayat (Angeles City, Pampanga, n.d.), p. 1. [ 4 ]. Den Mar, â€Å"Arayat – Our Ancestral Home,† Arayat,http://arayat2012.tripod. com/ index2.htm (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 5 ]. Holy Angel Univeristy Center for Kapampangan Studies, loc.cit. [ 6 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 7 ]. Holy Angel University Center for Kapampangan Studies, loc.cit. [ 8 ]. Ibid. [ 9 ]. Ibid., p.2. [ 10 ]. Michael Raymon Pangilinan, â€Å"Arayat,† Kapampangan Online, http://kapampangan-online.com/arayat (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 11 ]. Dugdale Pointon, â€Å"Insurgency in the Philippines,† Insurgency in the Philippines, http:// www.historyofwar.org/articles/wars_philippines.html (accessed Decmeber 30, 2010). [ 12 ]. Mariang Sinukuan, GIF, http://arayat2012.tripod.com/maria.htm. [ 13 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 14 ]. Ibid. [ 15 ]. Holy Angel Univeristy Center for Kapampangan Studies, loc.cit. [ 16 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 17 ]. Ibid. [ 18 ]. Teak, JPG, http://www.indonesiafurniture.co.id/About/index.html. [ 19 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 20 ]. Kabigting, JPG, http://foodxpress.wordpress.com/. [ 21 ]. Pampanga Directory, â€Å"Pride of Pampanga†, http://pampanga directory.net/the-pride-of-arayat/ (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 22 ]. Saint Catherine of Alexandria, JPG, http://www.flickr.com/photos/58989268@ N00 /favorites/page36/. [ 23 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 24 ]. Rizalistas, JPG, http://www.mnnetherlands.com/dir/_page/100298/. [ 25 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 26 ]. Alex Castro, â€Å"Mountain of Myths†, Indung Kapampangan, http://kapampangan.word press.com/category/mount-arayat (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 27 ]. Dennis Villegas, â€Å"The Second Coming of Rizal†, Philippine Online Chronicles, http://www.thepoc.net/thepoc-features/buhay-pinoy/buhay-pinoy-features/8307-the-living-god-rizal-from-rizalistas-eyes.html (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 28 ]. Mount Arayat, JPG, http://www.lakbaypilipinas.com/travel_pampanga.html. [ 29 ]. WikiMapia, â€Å"Mount Arayat,† http://wikimapia.org/842045/Mount-Arayat (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 30 ]. Mount Arayat National Park, JPG, http://www.travelblog.org/Asia/Philippines /Pampanga/blog-7999.html. [ 31 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 32 ]. Jheng Arceo, â€Å"Things to do and see: Natural Parks and View Sites,† Jheng’s Blog, http: //jhengarceo .spaces.live.com/(accessed Demcember 30, 2010). [ 33 ]. Holy Angel University Center for Kapampangan Studies, loc.cit. [ 34 ]. Saint Catherine of Alexandria, JPG, http://www.andropampanga.com/churches /arayat_church.htm. [ 35 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit. [ 36 ]. Cong. Dadong Dam, JPG, http://www.flickr.com/photos/heraldicwhisper/26178 66344/#/. [ 37 ]. Tonette Orejas, â€Å"Pampanga dam with abundant water underused,† Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 8, 2007, http://services.inquirer.net/print/print.php?article_id= 20070808-81413 (accessed December 30, 2010). [ 38 ]. Holy Angel University Center for Kapampangan Studies, loc.cit. [ 39 ]. General Jose Alejandrino, JPG, http://jinkysjourney.wordpress.com/. [ 40 ]. Den Mar, loc.cit.